The Fun They Had(Ch-1)
Word Meaning
| Sl No | English Word | Assamese Meaning |
| 1 | actually | প্ৰকৃততে,বাস্তৱত |
| 2 | added | যোগ দিছিল |
| 3 | addition | যোগ |
| 4 | adjusted | মিলা,উপযোগ কৰা |
| 5 | after | পাছত |
| 6 | again | পুনৰ |
| 7 | ago | আগতে |
| 8 | altogether | সম্পূৰ্ণকৈ,একেবাৰে |
| 9 | always | সদায় |
| 10 | any way | যি নহওক |
| 11 | apart | আঁতৰ,দূৰ |
| 12 | arithmetic | গণিত |
| 13 | arm | বাহু |
| 14 | asked | সুধিছিল |
| 15 | attic | সংক কোঠা |
| 16 | average | গড় |
| 17 | awfully | অত্যধিক,ভয়ংকৰভাৱে,অতন্ত |
| 18 | bedroom | শোৱনি কোঠা |
| 19 | beneath | তলত |
| 20 | betcha | বাজী লগোৱা,চৰ্ত আৰোপ কৰা |
| 21 | blanked | খালী,শূন্য |
| 22 | busy | ব্যস্ত |
| 23 | calculated | গণনা কৰিছিল |
| 24 | carefully | সাৱধানে,সতৰ্কতাৰে |
| 25 | code | সংকেত |
| 26 | completely | সম্পূৰ্ণকৈ |
| 27 | county | মণ্ডল,অঞ্চল |
| 28 | crinkly | ভাঁজ থকা,কোট খোৱা |
| 29 | diary | দিনলিপি |
| 30 | differently | ভিন্ন ধৰণে,পৃথকভাৱে |
| 31 | disappointed | নিৰাশ হোৱা |
| 32 | dispute | তর্ক-বিতর্ক,কাজিয়া |
| 33 | dusty | ধূলিপূৰ্ণ,লেতেৰা |
| 34 | each | প্ৰত্যেক |
| 35 | enough | যথেষ্ট |
| 36 | except | বাহিৰে |
| 37 | fault | দোষ,ভুল |
| 38 | find | পোৱা |
| 39 | finished | সমাপ্ত কৰিছিল |
| 40 | finished | সমাপ্ত হোৱা |
| 41 | first time | প্ৰথমবাৰ |
| 42 | fit | ঠিক হোৱা |
| 43 | flashing | চমকি উঠা,উজলি উঠা |
| 44 | for a while | কিছু সময়ৰ বাবে |
| 45 | found | পাইছিল |
| 46 | fraction | ভগ্নাংশ |
| 47 | funny | হাস্যকৰ,ধেমেলীয়া |
| 48 | funny | ধেমেলীয়া,হাস্যস্পদ |
| 49 | geared | নিৰ্দিষ্ট মানলৈ মিলোৱা |
| 50 | Geography | ভূগোল |
| 51 | grandfather | ককাদেউতা |
| 52 | guess | অনুমান কৰা |
| 53 | half | আধা,অৰ্ধ |
| 54 | happen | ঘটা,সংঘটিত হোৱা |
| 55 | hate | বেয়া পোৱা,ঘৃণা কৰা |
| 56 | head | মূৰ |
| 57 | headed | শীৰ্ষ |
| 58 | help | সহায় কৰা |
| 59 | history | বুৰঞ্জী,ইতিহাস |
| 60 | homework | গৃহকাৰ্য |
| 61 | hoped | আশা কৰিছিল |
| 62 | hoping | আশা কৰা |
| 63 | hundreds | শতক,এশ |
| 64 | hurt | দুখ,বেদনা |
| 65 | in no time | দ্ৰুত গতিৰে,সোনকালে |
| 66 | insert | সোমোৱা,ভৰাই দিয়া |
| 67 | inspector | নিৰীক্ষক,পৰিদৰ্শক |
| 68 | inspector | নিৰীক্ষক,পৰিদৰ্শক |
| 69 | instead of | পৰিৱর্তে |
| 70 | kids | সৰু ল’ৰা-ছোৱালী |
| 71 | kind | প্ৰকাৰ,ধৰণ |
| 72 | knew | জানিছিল |
| 73 | large | বৃহৎ,প্ৰকাণ্ড |
| 74 | laughing | হাঁহি থকা |
| 75 | laughter | হাঁহি মৰা |
| 76 | learned | শিকিছিল |
| 77 | learned | শিকিছিল |
| 78 | lessons | পাঠসমূহ |
| 79 | lit up | উজলি উঠিছিল |
| 80 | live | বাস কৰা,থকা |
| 81 | loftily | উচ্চভাৱে,গৰ্বিতভাৱে |
| 82 | looked | চাইছিল |
| 83 | looking | চাই থকা |
| 84 | Mamma | মা |
| 85 | mechanical | যান্ত্ৰিক |
| 86 | million | দহ লাখ |
| 87 | mind | মন |
| 88 | moving | চলাচল কৰা |
| 89 | neighbourhood | প্ৰতিৱেশী |
| 90 | nonchalantly | অধিক আগ্ৰহ প্ৰদৰ্শন নকৰাকৈ,অমনোযোগিতাসূচক |
| 91 | old | পুৰণি |
| 92 | page | পৃষ্ঠা |
| 93 | part | অংশ |
| 94 | patted | পিঠি দিয়া |
| 95 | pattern | ধৰণ |
| 96 | plenty | বহুতো,অজস্ৰ |
| 97 | pointed | আঙুলিয়াই দিয়া |
| 98 | prepared | প্রস্তুত,সাজু |
| 99 | printed | ছপা হৈছিল |
| 100 | probably | সম্ভৱতঃ |
| 101 | progress | সফলতা |
| 102 | pronouncing | উচ্চাৰণ কৰি |
| 103 | proper | নিৰ্দিষ্ট,বিশুদ্ধ |
| 104 | punch | ছাপ মৰা যন্ত্ৰ |
| 105 | quick | সোনকালে |
| 106 | quickly | শীঘ্ৰে,ততালিকে |
| 107 | quite | সম্পূৰ্ণ |
| 108 | reading | পঢ়ি থকা |
| 109 | real | প্ৰকৃত,বাস্তৱিক |
| 110 | regular | নিয়মিত |
| 111 | regular | নিয়মিত |
| 112 | right | সঠিক,শুদ্ধ |
| 113 | same age | সমবয়সীয়া |
| 114 | satisfactory | সন্তোষজনক |
| 115 | schoolyard | বিদ্যালয় প্ৰাংগণ |
| 116 | scornful | ঘৃণাপূৰ্ণ,অৱজ্ঞাসূচক |
| 117 | screamed | চিঞৰিছিল,কিৰিলি মাৰিছিল |
| 118 | screen | পৰ্দা |
| 119 | screen | পৰ্দা |
| 120 | sector | ভাগ |
| 121 | sent | পঠাইছিল |
| 122 | shaken | জোকাৰি দিয়া |
| 123 | shoulder | কান্ধ |
| 124 | shouting | চিঞৰ-বাখৰ কৰা |
| 125 | shown | দেখুৱাইছিল |
| 126 | sigh | দুখেৰে দীৰ্ঘনিশ্বাস এৰা;দীৰ্ঘনিশ্বাসৰ দৰে শব্দ কৰা |
| 127 | slot | নিৰ্দিষ্ট স্থান,ঠাই |
| 128 | slot | স্থান,ঠাই,বিন্ধা |
| 129 | slowed | কমোৱা,নিম্নগামী কৰা |
| 130 | smart | জ্ঞানী,বিজ্ঞ |
| 131 | smiled | হাঁহিছিল |
| 132 | smiles | হাঁহি |
| 133 | sometimes | কেতিয়াবা |
| 134 | sorrowfully | দুখেৰে,দুখজনকভাৱে |
| 135 | special | বিশেষ |
| 136 | stories | গল্প,কাহিনী |
| 137 | strange | অচিনাকী,আশ্চর্যজনক |
| 138 | stupid | মূৰ্খ,বুৰ্বক |
| 139 | superior | বহলভাৱে,ডাঙৰ |
| 140 | supposed to | আশা কৰিব পৰা,প্ৰত্যাশিত |
| 141 | sure | নিশ্চিত |
| 142 | taught | শিকাইছিল |
| 143 | teach | শিকোৱা |
| 144 | television | দূৰদৰ্শন |
| 145 | ten-year level | দহ-বছৰীয়া স্তৰ |
| 146 | test | পৰীক্ষা |
| 147 | thinking | ভাবি থকা |
| 148 | throw | দলিওৱা,পেলাই দিয়া |
| 149 | together | একেলগে |
| 150 | tools | যন্ত্ৰপাতি |
| 151 | turned | ঘূৰাইছিল |
| 152 | turned back | পিছলৈ ঘূৰি যোৱা,উভতি যোৱা |
| 153 | ugly | কুৎসিত,কুশ্ৰী |
| 154 | waiting | অপেক্ষা কৰি থকা |
| 155 | walked | আগবাঢ়িছিল |
| 156 | waste | অনর্থক,অৰ্থহীন |
| 157 | whistling | সুহুৰি বজাই,পেপা বজাই |
| 158 | wires | তাৰ |
| 159 | worse | অতি বেয়া |
| 160 | yellow | হালধীয়া |
Thinking About the Text
Activity:
Calculate how many years and months ahead from now Margie’s dairy enrty is
Ans:- Margie’s diary entry is dated May 17, 2157. Since we are currently in May 2026, her entry is exactly 131 years ahead from now.
( মাৰ্গীৰ ডায়েৰীৰ তাৰিখ হৈছে ২১৫৭ চনৰ ১৭ মে’। যেহেতু বৰ্তমান আমি ২০২৬ চনৰ মে’ মাহত আছোঁ, সেয়েহে তাইৰ ডায়েৰীখন বৰ্তমানৰ পৰা ঠিক ১৩১ বছৰ আগৰ (ভৱিষ্যতৰ)।)
I. Answer the Questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each.
- How old are Margie and Tommy?
(মাৰ্গী আৰু টমিৰ বয়স কিমান?)
Ans:-Margie is eleven years old and Tommy is thirteen years old.
(মাৰ্গীৰ বয়স এঘাৰ বছৰ আৰু টমিৰ বয়স তেৰ বছৰ।)
2. What did Margie write in her diary?
( মাৰ্গীয়ে তাইৰ ডায়েৰীত কি লিখিছিল? )
Ans:-She wrote, “Today Tommy found a real book!”
(তাই লিখিছিল, “আজি টমিয়ে এখন আচল কিতাপ পালে!”)
3. Had Margie ever seen a book before?
( মাৰ্গীয়ে ইয়াৰ আগতে কেতিয়াবা কিতাপ দেখিছিলনে? )
Ans:-No, Margie had never seen a real book before.
( নাই, মাৰ্গীয়ে ইয়াৰ আগতে কেতিয়াও এখন আচল কিতাপ দেখা নাছিল।)
4. What things about the book did she find strange?
( কিতাপখনৰ কোনবোৰ কথা তাই আচৰিত পাইছিল?)
Ans:-She found it strange that the words stood still instead of moving, and that the pages were yellow and crinkly.
( তাই ভাবি আচৰিত হৈছিল যে শব্দবোৰ লৰচৰ কৰাৰ পৰিৱৰ্তে স্থিৰ হৈ আছিল, আৰু পৃষ্ঠা বিলাক হালধীয়া আৰু ভাঁজ লগা আছিল।)
5. What do you think a telebook is?
( টেলি বুক বা টেলিকিতাপ বুলিলে তুমি কি বুজা ? )
Ans:-A telebook is a digital book that can be read on a television or computer screen.
( টেলিকিতাপ হ’ল এটা ডিজিটেল কিতাপ যাক টেলিভিছন বা কম্পিউটাৰৰ পৰ্দাত পঢ়িব পাৰি।)
6. Where was Margie’s school? Did she have any classmates?
(মাৰ্গীৰ বিদ্যালয়খন ক’ত আছিল? তাইৰ কোনো সহপাঠী আছিলনে? )
Ans:-Margie’s school was right next to her bedroom in her own house. She did not have any classmates; she studied alone.
( মাৰ্গীৰ বিদ্যালয়খন তাইৰ নিজৰ ঘৰৰে শোৱা কোঠাৰ ঠিক কাষতে আছিল। তাইৰ কোনো সহপাঠী নাছিল; তাই অকলশৰে পঢ়িছিল।)
7. What subjects did Margie and Tommy learn?
(মাৰ্গী আৰু টমিয়ে কি কি বিষয় শিকিছিল ? )
Ans:-They learned Geography, History, and Arithmetic.
( তেওঁলোকে ভূগোল, ইতিহাস, আৰু পাটীগণিত শিকিছিল। )
II. Answer the following with reference to the story.
- “I wouldn’t throw it away.”
“মই ইয়াক পেলাই নিদিম।”
(i) Who says these words?
( এই কথাবোৰ কোনে কৈছে? )
Ans:-Tommy says these words.
(এই কথাবোৰ টমিয়ে কৈছে।)
(ii) What does ‘it’ refer to?
(‘ই’ (it) বুলি কিহক বুজোৱা হৈছে? )
Ans:-‘It’ refers to the television screen (telebooks).
( ‘ই’ বুলি টেলিভিছনৰ পৰ্দাখনক (টেলিকিতাপ) বুজোৱা হৈছে।)
(iii) What is it being compared with by the speaker?
( বক্তাৰ দ্বাৰা ইয়াক কাৰ লগত তুলনা কৰা হৈছে?)
Ans:-It is being compared with the real paper book that Tommy found.
( টমিয়ে বিচাৰি পোৱা আচল কাগজৰ কিতাপখনৰ লগত ইয়াক তুলনা কৰা হৈছে।)
2. “Sure they had a teacher, but it wasn’t a regular teacher. It was a man.”
( “অৱশ্যে সিহঁতৰ এজন শিক্ষক আছিল, কিন্তু তেওঁ কোনো নিয়মীয়া শিক্ষক নাছিল। তেওঁ এজন মানুহ আছিল।”)
(i) Who does ‘they’ refer to?
( ‘সিহঁত’ (they) বুলি কাক বুজোৱা হৈছে? )
Ans:-‘They’ refers to the students who studied in the old kind of schools centuries ago.
( শতিকা পূৰ্বে পুৰণি ধৰণৰ বিদ্যালয়ত পঢ়া ছাত্ৰ-ছাত্ৰীসকলক ‘সিহঁত’ বুলি বুজোৱা হৈছে।)
(ii) What does ‘regular’ mean here?
( ইয়াত ‘নিয়মিত’ (regular) বুলিলে কি বুজোৱা হৈছে?)
Ans:-Here, ‘regular’ refers to the mechanical or robotic teacher they were used to.
(ইয়াত ‘নিয়মিত’ বুলিলে তেওঁলোকে অভ্যাস কৰা যান্ত্ৰিক বা ৰবট শিক্ষকজনক বুজোৱা হৈছে। )
(iii) What is it contrasted with?
(ইয়াক কাৰ বিপৰীত অৰ্থত তুলনা কৰা হৈছে?)
Ans:-It is contrasted with a human teacher.
( ইয়াক এজন মানৱ শিক্ষকৰ লগত তুলনা কৰা হৈছে।)
III. Short Paragraphs (About 30 words)
- What kind of teachers did Margie and Tommy have?
(মাৰ্গী আৰু টমিৰ কেনেকুৱা ধৰণৰ শিক্ষক আছিল?)
Ans:-They had mechanical teachers. These were large black screens installed in their homes that gave lessons, asked questions, and had a slot where students put their homework and test papers.
(তেওঁলোকৰ যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষক আছিল। এইবোৰ আছিল তেওঁলোকৰ ঘৰত সংস্থাপন কৰা ডাঙৰ ক’লা পৰ্দা, যিবোৰে পাঠদান কৰিছিল, প্ৰশ্ন সুধিছিল আৰু এটা স্লট বা খালী ঠাই আছিল য’ত ছাত্ৰ-ছাত্ৰীসকলে নিজৰ গৃহকৰ্ম আৰু পৰীক্ষাৰ কাগজসমূহ সুমুৱাই দিছিল।)
- Why did Margie’s mother send for the County Inspector?
( মাৰ্গীৰ মাকে কিয় কাউণ্টি ইন্সপেক্টৰজনক মাতি পঠিয়াইছিল?)
Ans:-Margie’s mother sent for him because Margie was performing poorly in her Geography tests. The mechanical teacher was giving test after test, and Margie’s performance was getting worse.
(মাৰ্গীৰ মাকে তেওঁক মাতি পঠিয়াইছিল কাৰণ মাৰ্গীয়ে ভূগোলৰ পৰীক্ষাবোৰত বেয়া প্ৰদৰ্শন কৰিছিল। যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষকজনে একেৰাহে পৰীক্ষা দি গৈছিল আৰু মাৰ্গীৰ ফলাফল ক্ৰমাৎ বেয়া হৈ গৈছিল।)
- What did he do?
(তেওঁ কি কৰিছিল?)
Ans:-The County Inspector took the mechanical teacher apart and slowed down the Geography sector to an average ten-year level because it had been geared too fast for Margie.
( কাউণ্টি ইন্সপেক্টৰজনে যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষকটো খুলি পেলাইছিল আৰু ইয়াৰ ভূগোল বিভাগটোক এজন গড় দহ বছৰীয়া শিশুৰ স্তৰলৈ αργ কৰি দিছিল, কাৰণ ই মাৰ্গীৰ বাবে বৰ দ্ৰুতগতিত চেট হৈ গৈছিল।)
- Why was Margie doing badly in geography? What did the County Inspector do to help her?
(মাৰ্গীয়ে ভূগোলত কিয় বেয়া কৰিছিল? তাইক সহায় কৰিবলৈ কাউণ্টি ইন্সপেক্টৰজনে কি কৰিছিল?)
Ans:-She was doing badly because the Geography sector was set at a level too advanced for her age. The Inspector adjusted the speed to suit her mental level.
(তাই বেয়া কৰিছিল কাৰণ ভূগোল বিভাগটো তাইৰ বয়সৰ অনুপাতে অতি বেছি আগবঢ়া স্তৰত চেট কৰা হৈছিল। ইন্সপেক্টৰজনে তাইৰ মানসিক স্তৰৰ সৈতে খাপ খুৱাবলৈ গতিটো ঠিক কৰি দিছিল।)
- What had once happened to Tommy’s teacher?
(কিবা কাৰণে টমিৰ শিক্ষকটোক এবাৰ কি হৈছিল?)
Ans:-Tommy’s teacher was once taken away for nearly a month because the History sector had blanked out completely.
(টমিৰ শিক্ষকটোক এবাৰ প্ৰায় এসপ্তাহ বা এমাহৰ বাবে লৈ যোৱা হৈছিল কাৰণ ইয়াৰ ইতিহাসৰ বিভাগটো সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে খালী হৈ গৈছিল।)
- Did Margie have regular days and hours for school? If so, why?
( মাৰ্গীৰ বিদ্যালয়ৰ বাবে নিয়মীয়া দিন আৰু সময় আছিলনে? যদি আছিল, কিয় ? )
Ans:-Yes, she had school every day at the same time except Saturday and Sunday. Her mother believed that little girls learned better if they learned at regular hours.
(হয়, শনিবাৰ আৰু দেওবাৰৰ বাহিৰে তাইৰ প্ৰতিদিনে একে সময়তে স্কুল আছিল। তাইৰ মাকে বিশ্বাস কৰিছিল যে সৰু ছোৱালীয়ে যদি নিয়মীয়া সময়ত পঢ়ে, তেন্তে তেওঁলোকে ভালদৰে শিকিব পাৰে।)
- How does Tommy describe the old kind of school?
(টমিয়ে পুৰণি ধৰণৰ স্কুলখন কেনেকৈ বৰ্ণনা কৰিছে?)
Ans:-Tommy says it was a special building where all the kids from the whole neighbourhood went together to learn the same things.
(টমিয়ে কৈছে যে ই এটা বিশেষ অট্টালিকা আছিল য’ত সমগ্ৰ চুবুৰীটোৰ আটাইবোৰ ল’ৰা-ছোৱালী একেলগে গৈ একেটা কথাই শিকিছিল।)
- How does he describe the old kind of teachers?
(তেওঁ পুৰণি ধৰণৰ শিক্ষকসকলক কেনেকৈ বৰ্ণনা কৰিছে?)
Ans:-He describes them as human beings who told the boys and girls things, gave them homework, and asked them questions.
(তেওঁ তেওঁলোকক মানুহ হিচাপে বৰ্ণনা কৰিছে যিয়ে ল’ৰা-ছোৱালীহঁতক বিভিন্ন কথা কৈছিল, গৃহকৰ্ম দিছিল আৰু প্ৰশ্ন সুধিছিল ।)
IV. Answer each of these questions in two or three paragraphs (100–150 words).
1) What are the main features of the mechanical teachers and the schoolrooms that Margie and Tommy have in the story?
(গল্পটোত মাৰ্গী আৰু টমিৰ যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষক আৰু স্কুলৰ কোঠাবোৰৰ মূল বৈশিষ্ট্যসমূহ কি কি?)
Ans:-The mechanical teachers were robotic machines with large screens. They taught lessons, displayed questions, and calculated marks instantly. Students had to write their homework in a “punch code” and insert it into a specific slot. The schoolrooms were located inside their homes, usually right next to their bedrooms. There were no classmates, and the machine was adjusted to each child’s individual learning speed.
(যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষকসকল আছিল ডাঙৰ পৰ্দা থকা ৰবট যন্ত্ৰ। তেওঁলোকে পাঠ শিকাইছিল, প্ৰশ্ন দেখুৱাইছিল আৰু লগে লগে নম্বৰ হিচাপ কৰি দিছিল। ছাত্ৰ-ছাত্ৰীসকলে নিজৰ গৃহকৰ্ম “পাঞ্চ ক’ড”ত লিখি এটা বিশেষ স্লটত ভৰাই দিব লগা হৈছিল। স্কুলৰ কোঠাবোৰ তেওঁলোকৰ ঘৰৰ ভিতৰতে, প্ৰায়ে তেওঁলোকৰ শোৱনি কোঠাৰ ঠিক কাষতে অৱস্থিত আছিল। তাত কোনো সহপাঠী নাছিল, আৰু যন্ত্ৰটো প্ৰতিটো শিশুৰ নিজা শিকন গতি অনুসৰি মিলাই লোৱা হৈছিল।)
2) Why did Margie hate school? Why did she think the old kind of school must have been fun?
(মাৰ্গীয়ে স্কুলক কিয় ঘিণ কৰিছিল? পুৰণি ধৰণৰ স্কুলখন যে বৰ আমোদজনক আছিল, সেই কথা তাই কিয় ভাবিছিল?)
Ans:-Margie hated school because it was lonely and mechanical. She particularly disliked the slot where she had to put homework. She was also struggling with Geography, which made school frustrating(হতাশাজনক). She thought the old schools were fun because all children from the neighbourhood went to a common building. They could laugh, shout, sit together, and help each other with homework because they learned the same things.
(মাৰ্গীয়ে স্কুলক ঘিণ কৰিছিল কাৰণ ই একাকী আৰু যান্ত্ৰিক আছিল। তাই বিশেষকৈ সেই স্লটটোক অপচন্দ কৰিছিল য’ত তাই গৃহকৰ্ম জমা দিব লাগিছিল। তাই ভূগোল বিষয়টোত অসুবিধাৰ সন্মুখীন হৈছিল, যিয়ে স্কুলখনক তাইৰ বাবে হতাশাজনক কৰি তুলিছিল। তাই ভাবিছিল যে পুৰণি স্কুলবোৰ বৰ আমোদজনক আছিল কাৰণ চুবুৰীটোৰ আটাইবোৰ ল’ৰা-ছোৱালীয়ে এটা উমৈহতীয়া অট্টালিকালৈ গৈছিল। তেওঁলোকে হাঁহিব পাৰিছিল, চিঞৰিব পাৰিছিল, একেলগে বহিব পাৰিছিল আৰু গৃহকৰ্মত পৰস্পৰক সহায় কৰিব পাৰিছিল কাৰণ তেওঁলোকে একেবোৰ কথাই শিকিছিল।)
3) Do you agree with Margie that schools today are more fun than the school in the story? Give reasons for your answer.
(গল্পটোৰ স্কুলখনতকৈ বৰ্তমানৰ স্কুলবোৰ যে বেছি আমোদজনক, সেই কথাটোত তুমি মাৰ্গীৰ লগত সন্মত নেকি? তোমাৰ উত্তৰৰ সপক্ষে কাৰণ দৰশোৱা।)
Ans:-Yes, I agree that schools today are more fun. In the story, school is a solitary(অকলশৰীয়া) activity with a machine. In real schools, we have social interaction. We make friends, play together during breaks, and help each other with studies. Human teachers can understand our emotions and adjust their teaching style, which a machine cannot do. The physical presence of peers makes learning an enjoyable experience rather than a robotic chore(ৰবটিক কাম।).
(হয়, মই সন্মত যে বৰ্তমানৰ স্কুলবোৰ বেছি আমোদজনক। গল্পটোত স্কুল হৈছে এটা যন্ত্ৰৰ সৈতে কৰা এক অকলশৰীয়া কাম। প্ৰকৃত স্কুলত আমাৰ সামাজিক মিথষ্ক্রিয়া থাকে। আমি বন্ধু বনাওঁ, বিৰতিৰ সময়ত একেলগে খেলাধুলা কৰোঁ, আৰু পঢ়া-শুনাত পৰস্পৰক সহায় কৰোঁ। মানৱ শিক্ষকসকলে আমাৰ আৱেগ বুজি পাব পাৰে আৰু তেওঁলোকৰ পঢ়োৱাৰ শৈলী সলনি কৰিব পাৰে, যিটো যন্ত্ৰই কৰিব নোৱাৰে। সংগীসকলৰ শাৰীৰিক উপস্থিতিয়ে পঢ়া-শুনাক এটা যান্ত্ৰিক কামৰ পৰিৱৰ্তে এক আনন্দদায়ক অভিজ্ঞতা কৰি তোলে।)
Thinking about Language
Adverbs
- Find the sentences in the lesson which have the adverbs given in the box below.
Awfully(অতিশয়) sorrowfully(দুখমনেৰে) completely(সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে) loftily(গৌৰৱেৰে)
Carefully(সাৱধানে) differently(পৃথকভাৱে) quickly(খৰধৰকৈ) nonchalantly(উদাসীনভাৱে)
Ans:-Sentences from the lesson containing these adverbs:
- awfully: “They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still…”
- sorrowfully: “The mechanical teacher had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse until her mother had shaken her head sorrowfully and sent for the County Inspector.”
- completely: “They had once taken Tommy’s teacher away for nearly a month because the history sector had blanked out completely.”
- loftily: “He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, ‘Centuries ago.'”
- carefully: “He added loftily, pronouncing the word carefully, ‘Centuries ago.'”
- differently: “But my mother says a teacher has to be adjusted to fit the mind of each boy and girl it teaches and that each kid has to be taught differently.”
- quickly: “I didn’t say I didn’t like it,” Margie said quickly.
- nonchalantly: “‘Maybe,’ he said nonchalantly.”
2. Now use these adverbs to fill in the blanks in the sentences below-
(i) The report must be read carefully so that performance can be improved.
(ii) At the interview, Sameer answered our questions loftily, shrugging his shoulders.
(iii) We all behave differently when we are tired or hungry.
(iv) The teacher shook her head sorrowfully when Ravi lied to her.
(v) I completely forgot about it.
(vi) When I complimented Revathi on her success, she just smiled nonchalantly and turned away.
(vii) The President of the Company is awfully busy and will not be able to meet you.
(viii) I finished my work quickly so that I could go out to play.
3. Make adverbs from these adjectives
Rule: When an adjective ends in -y, change the y to i and add -ly.
| Adjective | Adverb | Adjective | Adverb |
| (i) angry | angrily | (ii) happy | happily |
| (iii) merry | merrily | (iv) sleepy | sleepily |
| (v) easy | easily | (vi) noisy | noisily |
| (vii) tidy | tidily | (viii) gloomy | gloomily |
3. Make adverbs from these adjectives
Rule: When an adjective ends in -y, change the y to i and add -ly.
| Adjective | Adverb | Adjective | Adverb |
| (i) angry | angrily | (ii) happy | happily |
| (iii) merry | merrily | (iv) sleepy | sleepily |
| (v) easy | easily | (vi) noisy | noisily |
| (vii) tidy | tidily | (viii) gloomy | gloomily |
II. If Not and Unless
Rule: The ‘condition’ part uses the present tense, and the ‘result’ part uses the future tense (will/won’t).
Complete the following conditional sentences:
- If I don’t go to Anu’s party tonight, she will be very angry.
- If you don’t telephone the hotel to order food, you will go hungry.
- Unless you promise to write back, I will not write to you again.
- If she doesn’t play any games, she will become dull and unhealthy.
- Unless that little bird flies away quickly, the cat will catch it.
Writing
Formal Letter to Publisher
Your Address:
Juria, Nagaon Assam,
PIN: 782124
Date: 09/05/26
The addressee’s address:
The Sales Manager Mindfame Private Limited
1632 Asaf Ali Road
New Delhi – 110002
Dear Sir/Madam,
Subject: Order for a revised volume of Isaac Asimov’s short stories.
I have recently learned that a new revised volume of Isaac Asimov’s short stories has been released by your publication. I would like to place an order for one set of the same.
Please send the set to my address mentioned above by Value Payable Post (VPP) at your earliest convenience. I shall pay the required amount to the postman upon delivery. Please ensure that the books are in good condition and are packed securely to avoid any damage during transit.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Signature]
(Your Name)
Multiple Choice Questions( MCQ)
(পৰীক্ষাত 100 ৰ ভিতৰত 45 Marks MCQ আহিব । এই Chapter ৰThinking About Text অংশৰ পৰা পৰীক্ষাত খুব বেছি 3 টা MCQ আৰু এটা 1-2 নম্বৰৰ প্ৰশ্ন আহিব )
1 What was Margie scornful about? (Golaghat 2025)
(A) Homework (B) School
(C) The printed book (D) The mechanical teacher
Answer: (B) School
2. Read the following statements with reference to ‘The Fun They Had’ and choose the correct option. (Golaghat 2025)
Statement 1: The County Inspector was called in to repair Margie’s mechanical teacher.
Statement 2: Margie hoped that the County Inspector would not take the teacher away altogether.
(A) Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.
(B) Statement 1 is false and Statement 2 is true.
(C) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true.
(D) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are false.
Answer: (A) Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.
3. According to Margie’s mother, little girls learn better if they learn at _______________________
(Golaghat 2025)
(A) morning hours (B) afternoon hours
(C) evening hours (D) regular hours
Answer: (D) regular hours
4 What was the date that Margie mentioned on her diary?(Kamrup 2025)
(a) 16 May 2157 (b) 17 May 2157
(c) 18 May 2157 (d) 19 May 2157
Answer: (b) 17 May 2157
5 The lesson ‘The Fun They Had’ narrates a story of the— (Kamrup 2025)
(a) past (b) present
(c) future (d) of all times
Answer: (c) future
6Statement-1 : Margie was doing badly in Geography.(Kamrup 2025)
Statement-2 : She was not interested in Geography.
(a) Statement 1 is false but Statement 2 is correct.
(b) Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is false.
(c) Both statement 1 and 2 are false.
(d) Both statement 1 and 2 are correct.
Answer: (b) Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is false.
7. What kind of diary is Margie likely to possess as described in the lesson ‘The Fun They Had’—
(Kokrajhar 2025)
a) An Analog Diary b) An Electronic Diary
c) An Academic Diary d) A School Diary
Answer: b) An Electronic Diary
8. What was the subject matter of the ‘real book’ that Tommy and Margie found—
(Kokrajhar 2025)
a) Computer b) Robotic Teacher
c) Education d) School
Answer: d) School
9 Margie was scornful. The word scornful means –(Nagaon 2025)
A. Useful. B. Informative.
C. Contemptuous. D. All of the above.
Ans:- C. Contemptuous.
10 Tommy looked at her with very _____ eyes. (Nagaon 2025)
A. Inferior. B. Superior.
C. Intense. D. Curious.
Ans:-B. Superior.
11. Who told Margie’s grandfather that there was a time when all stories were printed on paper?
(Nagaon 2025)
A. His grandfather. B. His father.
C. His grandmother. D. His great grandfather.
Ans:- Ans: A. His grandfather.
12. “The Fun They Had” Who had fun according to the author ?
A. The students of the future school.
B. The students of the old kind of school.
C. Margie and Tommy.
D. The mechanical teachers.
Ans: B. The students of the old kind of school.
13. Why did Margie hate school more than ever ?
A. She was taught by human teacher.
B. Tommy disturbed her in reading.
C. The history sector had blanked out.
D. She was doing badly in geography.
Ans: D. She was doing badly in geography.
14. “The mechanical teacher was always on at the same time………………..Saturday and Sunday.” Fill in the blank with right vocabulary.
A. Access. B. Accept.
C. Except. D. Expect.
Ans: C. Except.
Additional Questions
1. Why is Margie surprised to hear that the teacher in the printed book was a man? (Golaghat 2025)
(ছপা কিতাপখনৰ শিক্ষকজন এজন মানুহ আছিল বুলি শুনি মাৰ্গী কিয় আচৰিত হৈছিল?)
Ans:-Margie was surprised because she had only ever known mechanical teachers—robotic screens installed in her home that delivered lessons automatically. She could not imagine a human being having enough knowledge, intelligence, and patience to teach children, assign homework, and ask questions just like a machine.
(মাৰ্গী আচৰিত হৈছিল কাৰণ তাই কেৱল যান্ত্ৰিক শিক্ষকসকলকহে জানিছিল—যিবোৰ আছিল তাইৰ ঘৰত সংস্থাপন কৰা ৰবটৰ পৰ্দা যিয়ে স্বয়ংক্ৰিয়ভাৱে পাঠদান কৰিছিল। তাই এজন মানুহৰ ইমান জ্ঞান, বুদ্ধি আৰু ধৈৰ্য্য থাকিব পাৰে বুলি কল্পনাও কৰিব পৰা নাছিল যি ল’ৰা-ছোৱালীক পঢ়ুৱাব পাৰে, গৃহকৰ্ম দিব পাৰে আৰু যন্ত্ৰটোৰ দৰেই প্ৰশ্ন সুধিব পাৰে।)
2. “Margie was thinking about how the kids must have loved it in the old days.” (Kokrajhar 2025)
i) What does ‘it’ refer to here? 1
Answer: ‘It’ refers to the old kind of school where children from the whole neighborhood went to a special building to learn together.
ii) Why was Margie thinking about the kids must have loved it. 1
Ans:- Answer:Because they studied together, helped each other with homework, and had fun socializing, unlike her own lonely and boring mechanical school.
3. “A man isn’t smart enough.”
Why does Margie think that a man isn’t smart enough to become a teacher ? 2
Ans: Margie thinks this because her only experience with education is a mechanical teacher, which is a machine programmed with vast amounts of data. To her, a machine is superior in knowledge and memory. She cannot imagine that a human being could possess as much information or be as “smart” as a computer screen that has millions of books stored on it.
************ END***********
The Road Not Taken (Ch-2)
Word meaning
| English Word | Assamese Meaning |
| Diverged | দুভাগত বিভক্ত হোৱা |
| Wood | অৰণ্য বা হাবনি |
| Traveller | যাত্ৰী বা পথিক |
| Undergrowth | হাবিৰ তলত গজা সৰু গছ-গছনি |
| Fair | ভাল বা সুন্দৰ |
| Claim | দাবী বা অধিকাৰ |
| Grassy | ঘাঁহেৰে ভৰা |
| Wanted wear | ব্যৱহাৰ নোহোৱাকৈ থকা |
| Trodden | গছকি যোৱা বা খোজ দিয়া |
| Doubted | সন্দেহ কৰিছিল |
| Sigh | হুমুনিয়াহ |
| Hence | ইয়াৰ পৰা বা ভৱিষ্যতে |
| Difference | পাৰ্থক্য বা প্ৰভেদ |
কবিতাটোৰ অৰ্থঃ-
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
(হালধীয়া পৰা এখন হাবিত দুটা আলিবাট দুফালে ভাগহৈ গৈছিল,)
And sorry I could not travel both
(আৰু মই দুঃখিত আছিলোঁ যে মই দুয়োটা বাটেৰে ভ্ৰমণ কৰিব নোৱাৰিলোঁ)
And be one traveller, long I stood
(আৰু এজন যাত্ৰী হোৱা বাবে, মই বহু সময় ধৰি থিয় হৈ আছিলোঁ)
And looked down one as far as I could
(আৰু মই এটা বাটলৈ যিমান দূৰলৈ পাৰোঁ চকু ফুৰাই চাইছিলোঁ)
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
(য’লৈকে বাটটো বেঁকা হৈ সৰু সৰু গছ-লতাৰ মাজত অদৃশ্য হৈ যোৱা নাছিল;)
Then took the other, just as fair,
(তাৰ পিছত মই আনটো বাট বাছি ল’লোঁ, যিটো সমানেই সুন্দৰ আছিল,)
And having perhaps the better claim,
(আৰু হয়তো ইয়াৰ দাবী কিছু বেছিহে আছিল,)
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
(কাৰণ এইটো ঘাঁহেৰে ভৰা আছিল আৰু ইয়াৰ ওপৰেৰে মানুহ যোৱাটো বিচাৰিছিল;)
Though as for that the passing there
(যদিও সেই বাটেৰে পাৰ হৈ যোৱা মানুহবোৰৰ কথা ক’বলৈ গ’লে)
Had worn them really about the same.
(প্ৰকৃততে দুয়োটা বাটেৰে মানুহ যোৱাৰ ফলত সমানভাৱেই ক্ষয় গৈছিল।/ব্যৱহাৰ হৈছিল।)
And both that morning equally lay
(আৰু সেইদিনা ৰাতিপুৱা দুয়োটা বাটে সমানেই পৰি আছিল)
In leaves no step had trodden black.
(খহি পৰা পাতবোৰৰ ওপৰত কাৰো খোজ পৰি ক’লা হোৱা নাছিল।)
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
(অ’হ, মই প্ৰথম বাটটো আন কোনোবা দিনাৰ বাবে থৈ দিলোঁ!)
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
(তথাপিও জানিছিলোঁ যে কেনেকৈ এটা বাটে আন এটা বাটলৈ লৈ যায়,)
I doubted if I should ever come back.
(মই সন্দেহ কৰিছিলোঁ যে মই কেতিয়াবা আকৌ ঘূৰি আহিব পাৰিমনে।)
I shall be telling this with a sigh
(মই এটা দীঘল হুমুনিয়াহ কাঢ়ি এই কথা কৈ থাকিম)
Somewhere ages and ages hence;
(ভৱিষ্যতে বহু যুগৰ পিছত কোনোবা ঠাইত;)
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I —
(এখন হাবিত দুটা বাট দুফালে ভাগ হৈ গৈছিল, আৰু মই —)
I took the one less travelled by,
(মই সেইটো বাট বাছি লৈছিলোঁ যিটোৰে মানুহ কমকৈ গৈছিল,)
And that has made all the difference.
(আৰু সেই সিদ্ধান্তটোৱেই মোৰ জীৱনত সকলো পাৰ্থক্য আনি দিলে।)
সাৰাংশ (Summary)
এই কবিতাটি মানুহৰ জীৱনৰপছন্দ বা নিৰ্বাচন (Choices) সম্পৰ্কে লিখা হৈছে। এদিন কবিয়ে হালধীয়া পৰা অৰণ্যৰ মাজেৰে গৈ থাকোঁতে দুটা বেলেগ দিশলৈ যোৱা পথ দেখা পালে। এজন যাত্ৰী হিচাপে তেওঁ একেলগে দুয়োটা পথেৰে যোৱাটো সম্ভৱ নাছিল, সেয়েহে তেওঁ বহু সময় থিয় হৈ পথ দুটাৰ বিষয়ে চিন্তা কৰিলে।
কবিয়ে এটা পথ বাছি ল’লে যিটো পথেৰে খুব কম সংখ্যক মানুহ গৈছিল (less travelled by) আৰু যিটো ঘাঁহেৰে ভৰি আছিল। তেওঁ ভাবিছিল যে আনটো পথেৰে তেওঁ আন কোনোবা এদিন যাব, যদিও তেওঁ জানিছিল যে এটা পথৰ পৰা আন এটা পথ ওলাই যায় আৰু আগৰ ঠাইলৈ ঘূৰি অহাটো কঠিন।
কবিয়ে ভৱিষ্যতে এধানি হুমুনিয়াহ পেলাই ক’ব যে তেওঁৰ সেই এটা সিদ্ধান্তই (কমকৈ ব্যৱহাৰ হোৱা পথটো বাছি লোৱাই) তেওঁৰ জীৱনলৈ সম্পূৰ্ণ পৰিৱৰ্তন আনিলে।
মূল কথা (Key Points):
- পছন্দৰ গুৰুত্ব:আমাৰ জীৱনৰ সৰু-বৰ সিদ্ধান্তবোৰে আমাৰ ভৱিষ্যত গঢ় দিয়ে।
- সাহস:কবিয়ে বেছিভাগ মানুহে যোৱা সহজ পথটো নলৈ নিজে এটা পৃথক পথ বাছি লৈছে।
- পৰিণাম:এবাৰ লোৱা সিদ্ধান্তৰ পৰা ঘূৰি অহাটো কঠিন, গতিকে আমি চিন্তা কৰিহে সিদ্ধান্ত ল’ব লাগে।
Summery of the Poem
The Setting: The poet stands in a yellow forest where two roads go in different directions.
The Choice: He cannot travel both paths at once, so he stops for a long time to think about which one to take.
The Decision: He chooses the road that looks less used because it is grassy and needs people to walk on it.
The Reality: Though he hopes to come back and try the first road another day, he knows that in life, one path usually leads to another, making it hard to return.
The Result: In the future, he will look back and say that choosing the less-travelled road changed his entire life.
Main Lesson
Our choices define our future. It is important to think carefully before making a decision because we often cannot go back and change it.
Thinking about the Poem
I. 1. Where does the traveller find himself? What problem does he face?
Ans:-The traveller finds himself at a point where two roads diverged in a yellow wood. His problem is that he is one person and cannot travel both roads at the same time, so he must choose only one.
2. Discuss what these phrases mean to you.
(i) a yellow wood: An autumn forest where the leaves have turned yellow.
(ii) it was grassy and wanted wear: The road was covered in grass and looked like not many people had walked on it.
(iii) the passing there: People walking through that path.
(iv) leaves no step had trodden black: The fallen leaves on the ground had not been crushed or turned black by people’s footsteps.
(v) how way leads on to way: How one decision or path in life leads to another, taking you further away from where you started.
3. Is there any difference between the two roads as the poet describes them—
(i) in stanzas two and three?
Ans:-No, in these stanzas, the poet says both roads looked almost the same and that morning, both were covered in fresh leaves that no one had stepped on yet.
(ii) in the last two lines of the poem?
Ans:-Yes, looking back, he describes one road as being “less travelled by,” which made a big difference in his life.
4. What do you think the last two lines of the poem mean?
Ans:-The last two lines mean that our choices, especially the ones that are different from what others choose, shape our future. The poet does not necessarily regret his choice; he accepts that this specific decision made him who he is today.
II. Personal Responses
1. Have you ever had to make a difficult choice? How will you make the choice?
Ans:-Yes, everyone faces difficult choices, like choosing subjects for higher studies. I make choices by thinking about my interests and asking for advice from teachers and parents.
2. After you have made a choice do you always think about what might have been, or do you accept the reality?
Ans:-It is natural to think “what if,” but it is better to accept reality and work hard on the path we have chosen to be successful.
*********END**********
The Sound of Music(Part-I) (Ch-3)
Word Meaning
| Word | Meaning in Assamese |
| Accomplished | সুনিপুণ, অতি দক্ষ বা প্ৰতিভাশালী |
| Astounded | আচৰিত বা স্তম্ভিত হোৱা |
| Audition | অভিনয় বা সংগীতৰ বাবে লোৱা পৰীক্ষা |
| Bared | খালী কৰা, অনাবৃত বা উদং কৰা |
| Captivate | মোহিত কৰা বা আকৰ্ষিত কৰা |
| Conceal | লুকুৱাই ৰখা বা গোপন কৰা |
| Concede | স্বীকাৰ কৰা বা মানি লোৱা |
| Conductor | সংগীত পৰিচালক বা বাদ্যদল পৰিচালনা কৰা ব্যক্তি |
| Daunting | ভয়লগা বা প্ৰত্যাহ্বানমূলক |
| Depressed | হতাশ বা মন মৰি যোৱা |
| Deteriorate | ক্ৰমান্বয়ে বেয়াৰ ফালে যোৱা |
| Discover | আৱিষ্কাৰ কৰা বা বিচাৰি পোৱা |
| Effortlessly | কোনো কষ্ট নোহোৱাকৈ বা অনায়াসে |
| Enormous | বিপুল, বিশাল বা প্ৰকাণ্ড |
| Expression | ভাব প্ৰকাশ, মুখৰ অভিব্যক্তি বা প্ৰকাশভংগী |
| Flawlessly | নিখুঁতভাৱে, কোনো ভুল নোহোৱাকৈ |
| Glance | চাৱনি বা চকু ফুৰোৱা |
| Gradual | ক্ৰমান্বয়ে বা লাহে লাহে হোৱা |
| Hectic | অত্যন্ত ব্যস্ত বা খৰখেদাপূৰ্ণ |
| Heroic | বীৰত্বপূৰ্ণ বা সাহসিক |
| Impairment | বিকলতা, ক্ষতি বা দুৰ্বলতা |
| Inspiration | প্ৰেৰণা বা উৎসাহ যোগাওতা |
| Intrigued | কৌতূহলী হোৱা বা আকৰ্ষিত হোৱা |
| Jostle | হেঁচা-হেঁচি কৰা বা ঠেলাঠেলি কৰা |
| Mastery | পাৰদৰ্শিতা, দখল বা নিপুণতা |
| Orchestra | সমবেত বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰীবৃন্দ বা যুটীয়া বাদ্যদল |
| Percussionist | অৱনদ্ধ বাদ্যযಂತ্ৰী (যেনে: ড্ৰাম, ঢোল আদি বজোৱা) |
| Potential | অন্তৰ্নিহিত ক্ষমতা বা প্ৰতিভা |
| Prestigious | মৰ্যাদাপূৰ্ণ বা সন্মানীয় |
| Priority | অগ্ৰাধিকাৰ বা প্ৰথম পছন্দ |
| Pursue | অনুসৰণ কৰা বা আগবঢ়াই নিয়া |
| Resonance | প্ৰতিধ্বনি বা অনুৰণিত শব্দ |
| Sheer | সম্পূৰ্ণ, কেৱল বা চৰম |
| Slight | খীণ-মিন, সৰু বা লেহুকা |
| Solo | একক (এজনে কৰা প্ৰদৰ্শন) |
| Specialist | विशेषज्ञ চিকিৎসক |
| Suddenly | হঠাত বা আকস্মিকভাৱে |
| Tuning | বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰৰ সুৰ মিলোৱা |
| Urge | অনুৰোধ কৰা, জোৰ দিয়া বা প্ৰেৰণা |
| Xylophone | এবিধ কাঠৰ কাঠিৰে কোবাই বজোৱা বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰ |
অধ্যায়ৰ সাৰাংশ (Chapter Summary)
এই কাহিনীটো হৈছে বিশ্বপ্ৰসিদ্ধ স্কটিছ বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰী ইভেলিন গ্লেনী (Evelyn Glennie)-ৰ জীৱনৰ সংগ্ৰাম আৰু সফলতাৰ এক অনুপ্ৰেৰণাদায়ক বাস্তৱ গাথা। ইভেলিনে কাণেৰে নুশুনাকৈ কেনেকৈ সংগীতক অনুভৱ কৰিবলৈ শিকিলে আৰু নিজকে বিশ্বৰ এজন শ্ৰেষ্ঠ সংগীতজ্ঞ হিচাপে প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰিলে, সেই কথাই ইয়াত বৰ্ণনা কৰা হৈছে।
১. বধিৰতাৰ আৰম্ভণি (Gradual Loss of Hearing):
ইভেলিন জন্মৰে পৰা বধিৰ নাছিল। মাত্ৰ ৮ বছৰ বয়সত তেওঁৰ মাক ইছাবেল গ্লেনীয়ে (Isabel Glennie) প্ৰথমবাৰৰ বাবে ধৰা পেলাইছিল যে ইভেলিনে কাণেৰে কমকৈ শুনিছে, যেতিয়া পিয়ানো বজাবলৈ মাতিও তেওঁৰ পৰা কোনো সঁহাৰি পোৱা নাছিল। ১১ বছৰ বয়স অহালৈকে ইভেলিনে নিজৰ এই দুৰ্বলতা স্কুলৰ বন্ধু আৰু শিক্ষকৰ পৰা লুকুৱাই ৰাখিবলৈ সক্ষম হৈছিল। কিন্তু ক্ৰমান্বয়ে স্কুলৰ নম্বৰ কমি অহাত প্ৰধান শিক্ষয়িত্ৰীৰ অনুৰোধত তেওঁক এজন বিশেষজ্ঞ চিকিৎসকৰ ওচৰলৈ নিয়া হয়। চিকিৎসকে পৰীক্ষা কৰি জানিবলৈ দিয়ে যে স্নায়ুৰ ক্ষতি হোৱাৰ বাবে ইভেলিনে নিজৰ শ্ৰৱণ শক্তি সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে হেৰুৱাই পেলাইছে।
২. সংগীতৰ প্ৰতি ধাউতি আৰু গুৰু ৰন ফৰ্বছ (Passion for Music and Ron Forbes):
শ্ৰৱণ শক্তি হেৰুৱাই পেলোৱাৰ পিছত ইভেলিনৰ জীৱন অন্ধকাৰময় হৈ পৰিছিল, কিন্তু তেওঁ হাৰ মনা নাছিল। তেওঁ আন দহজনৰ দৰে এগৰাকী সাধাৰণ ছোৱালীৰ দৰে জীৱন কটাবলৈ আৰু সংগীত সাধনা কৰিবলৈ মন মেলিলে। এদিন স্কুলত এখন ছোৱালীয়ে জাইলোফ’ন (Xylophone) বজাই থকা দেখি তেৱোঁ তাক বজাবলৈ ইচ্ছা কৰিলে। বেছিভাগ শিক্ষকে তেওঁক নিৰুৎসাহ কৰিছিল, কিন্তু স্কুলৰ বিখ্যাত বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰী ৰন ফৰ্বছে (Ron Forbes) ইভেলিনৰ ভিতৰত থকা অসাধাৰণ প্ৰতিভাক চিনি পাইছিল।
তেওঁ ইভেলিনক কাণেৰে সুৰ নুশুনি শৰীৰৰ অন্যান্য অংগৰে তাক অনুভৱ কৰিবলৈ উপদেশ দিলে। তেওঁ দুটা ডাঙৰ ড্ৰাম দুটা বেলেগ বেলেগ সুৰত বজাই ইভেলিনক ক’লে— “কাণেৰে নুশুনিবা, ইয়াক অন্য কোনো উপায়েৰে অনুভৱ কৰিবলৈ চেষ্টা কৰা।” ইভেলিনে লক্ষ্য কৰিলে যে তেওঁ ড্ৰামৰ উচ্চ সুৰটো কঁকালৰ ওপৰৰ অংশৰে আৰু কম কম্পনৰ সুৰটো কঁকালৰ তলৰ অংশৰে অনুভৱ কৰিব পাৰিছে। ৰন ফৰ্বছৰ এই শিক্ষাই ইভেলিনৰ জীৱন সলনি কৰি দিলে।
৩. শৰীৰৰ অংগৰে সংগীত অনুভৱ (Feeling the Music):
লাহে লাহে ইভেলিনে বুজি পালে যে তেওঁ শৰীৰৰ প্ৰতিটো অংগৰে সংগীতৰ ঢৌ আৰু কম্পন (Vibrations) ধৰিব পাৰে। তেওঁৰ মতে, সংগীত তেওঁৰ ছাল, চুলি আৰু গালৰ হাড়ৰ মাজেৰেও প্ৰৱেশ কৰে। যেতিয়া তেওঁ জাইলোফ’ন বজায়, তেতিয়া কাঠিডালৰ মাজেৰে সুৰটো তেওঁৰ আঙুলিৰ মূৰলৈ বৈ আহে। কাষ্ঠনিৰ্মিত মঞ্চত বজাওতে তেওঁ সদায় জোতাযোৰ খুলি লয়, যাতে বাদ্যৰ কম্পনসমূহ খালী ভৰিৰে তেওঁৰ শৰীৰলৈ বিয়পি পৰে।
৪. সফলতাৰ শিখৰত ইভেলিন (Success and Achievements):
নিজৰ চৰম ইচ্ছা শক্তি আৰু কঠোৰ পৰিশ্ৰমৰ বলত ইভেলিনে আৰু পিছলৈ ঘূৰি চাবলগীয়া হোৱা নাই। তেওঁ লণ্ডনৰ বিখ্যাত ‘ৰয়েল একাডেমী অৱ মিউজিক’ (Royal Academy of Music)-ত অডিচন দিলে আৰু একাডেমীৰ ইতিহাসত অন্যতম সৰ্বাধিক নম্বৰ লাভ কৰিলে। তিনি বছৰীয়া পাঠ্যক্ৰম শেষ কৰাৰ পিছত তেওঁ বহুতো শ্ৰেষ্ঠ বঁটা বুটলিলে। অৰ্কেষ্ট্ৰা বা বাদ্যদলৰ পৰা আঁতৰি তেওঁ একক প্ৰদৰ্শন (Solo performances) কৰিবলৈ ল’লে। বৰ্তমান তেওঁ হাজাৰতকৈও অধিক বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰ নিখুঁতভাৱে বজাব পৰা বিশ্বৰ অন্যতম ব্যস্ত আৰু প্ৰতিভাশালী বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰী।
১৯৯১ চনত তেওঁক সংগীত জগতৰ আটাইতকৈ সন্মানীয় ‘চোলোইষ্ট অৱ দি ইয়েৰ’ (Soloist of the Year) বঁটা প্ৰদান কৰা হয়।
৫. সমাজসেৱা আৰু অনুপ্ৰেৰণা (Social Work and Inspiration):
এগৰাকী ডাঙৰ শিল্পী হোৱাৰ উপৰিও ইভেলিন এগৰাকী মহান মানৱ। তেওঁ নিয়মীয়া ব্যৱসায়িক কাৰ্যসূচীৰ বাহিৰেও কাৰাগাৰ (Prisons) আৰু চিকিৎসালয়সমূহত (Hospitals) বিনামূলীয়াকৈ সংগীত পৰিৱেশন কৰে। যুৱ সংগীতজ্ঞসকলৰ বাবে তেওঁ বিশেষ ক্লাছ লয়।
তেওঁ সমগ্ৰ বিশ্বৰ বধিৰ তথা শাৰীৰিকভাৱে প্ৰত্যাহ্বানমূলক শিশুসকলৰ বাবে এক আশাৰ পোহৰ আৰু চিৰন্তন প্ৰেৰণা। ইভেলিনক দেখি অন্য শিশুসকলে অনুপ্ৰেৰণা পায় যে— “যদি ইভেলিনে পাৰিছে, তেন্তে মায়ো পাৰিম।”
মূল শিক্ষা (Moral of the Story):
এই পাঠটিয়ে আমাক শিকায় যে জীৱনত শাৰীৰিক অক্ষমতা কেতিয়াও সফলতাৰ হেঙাৰ হ’ব নোৱাৰে। যদি আমাৰ মনত দৃঢ় সংকল্প, কঠোৰ পৰিশ্ৰম কৰাৰ মানসিকতা আৰু নিজৰ লক্ষ্যৰ প্ৰতি স্পষ্ট ধাৰণা থাকে, তেন্তে পৃথিৱীৰ যিকোনো অসম্ভৱ কামকো সম্ভৱ কৰি তুলিব পাৰি।
Thinking about the Text
I . Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each.
1. How old was Evelyn when she went to the Royal Academy of Music ?
Ans:- Evelyn was seventeen years old when she went to the Royal Academy of Music in London.
2. When was her deafness first noticed? When was it confirmed?
Ans:- Her deafness was first noticed when she was eight years old. It was finally confirmed when she was eleven years old, after being examined by a specialist.
II. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (30-40 words).
1. Who helped her to continue with music? What did he do and say?
Ans:-Percussionist Ron Forbes helped Evelyn to continue with music. He tuned two large drums to different notes and told her not to listen through her ears but to try and feel the music in some other way.
2. Name the various places and causes for which Evelyn performs.
Ans:- Apart from her regular international commercial concerts, Evelyn performs for social causes. She gives free concerts in prisons and hospitals. She also gives high priority to music classes for young musicians.
III. Answer the question in two or three paragraphs (100-150 words)
1. How does Evelyn hear music?
Ans:- Evelyn Glennie hears music not through her ears, but by feeling the sound vibrations through her body. When her mentor Ron Forbes taught her to sense the music through other parts of her body, she realized she could feel the higher drum vibrations from the waist up and the lower ones from the waist down.
Gradually, she learned to open her mind and body to different sounds and vibrations. She explains that music pours in through every part of her skin, her cheekbones, and even her hair. When she plays the xylophone, she can feel the sound passing up the sticks into her fingertips.
By leaning against the drums, she can feel the resonances flowing into her body. On a wooden platform, she always performs barefoot so that the vibrations can travel up through her bare feet and up her legs. Through sheer determination and hard work, she developed this extraordinary way of sensing music.
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Extra Probable Questions for Exam
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) — [1 Mark Each]
1. How old was Evelyn when her deafness was first noticed?
(a) Eleven years old (b) Seventeen years old
(c) Eight years old (d) Two years old
Answer: (c) Eight years old
2. Who advised Evelyn’s parents to take her to a specialist?
(a) Ron Forbes (b) Her Headmistress
(c) Her mother (d) James Blades
Answer: (b) Her Headmistress
3. Which prestigious institution did Evelyn join for her music education?
(a) Royal Academy of Music, London (b) British Academy of Arts
(c) Scottish School of Music (d) Imperial Music College
Answer: (a) Royal Academy of Music, London
4. Ron Forbes was a famous ________.
(a) Pianist (b) Violinist
(c) Percussionist (d) Singer
Answer: (c) Percussionist
5. In which year was Evelyn presented with the Royal Philharmonic Society’s prestigious Soloist of the Year Award?
(a) 1988 (b) 1991
(c) 1995 (d) 2004
Answer: (b) 1991
6. Why does Evelyn remove her shoes on a wooden platform during her performances?
(a) Because it is a tradition (b) To respect the stage
(c) To let the vibrations pass through her bare feet (d) To feel comfortable
Answer: (c) To let the vibrations pass through her bare feet
Section B: Very Short Answer Type Questions — [1 Mark Each]
Q1. Who was Isabel Glennie?
Answer: Isabel Glennie was Evelyn Glennie’s mother.
Q2. What did Evelyn notice a girl playing one day?
Answer: One day, Evelyn noticed a girl playing a xylophone.
Q3. Name the master percussionist who praised Evelyn by saying, “God may have taken her hearing but he has given her back something extraordinary.”
Answer: Master percussionist James Blades said these words.
Q4. Name two places apart from regular concerts where Evelyn gives free performances.
Answer: Evelyn gives free concerts in prisons and hospitals.
Section C: Short Answer Type Questions — [2 or 3 Marks Each]
Q1. How did Evelyn’s parents come to know about her hearing problem for the first time?
Answer: When Evelyn was eight years old, she was waiting to play the piano. When her name was called, she did not move or respond. It was at that moment her mother, Isabel Glennie, realized that Evelyn hadn’t heard anything.
Q2. What did the specialist discover about Evelyn’s condition, and what did he advise?
Answer: The specialist discovered that Evelyn’s hearing was severely impaired as a result of gradual nerve damage. He advised that she should be fitted with hearing aids and sent to a special school for the deaf.
Q3. How did Ron Forbes encourage Evelyn to sense music?
Answer: Ron Forbes tuned two large drums to different notes. Instead of asking her to listen through her ears, he told her to feel the sound in some other way. Evelyn realized that she could feel the higher drum from the waist up and the lower drum from the waist down.
Q4. What is Evelyn’s contribution to the world of percussion?
Answer: Evelyn brought percussion to the front of the orchestra. She demonstrated that percussion instruments could be played beautifully as solo performances, and she has gained mastery over more than a thousand instruments.
***********END*************
The Sound of Music (Part-II) (Ch-4)
Word Meaning
| English Word | অসমীয়া অৰ্থ (Assamese Meaning) |
| Accompanied | সংগ দিয়া |
| Ancestors | পূৰ্বপুৰুষসকল |
| Apprenticeship | শিক্ষাৰ্থী কাল |
| Artificiality | কৃত্ৰিমতা |
| Auditorium | সভাঘৰ |
| Auspicious | শুভ |
| Banned | নিষিদ্ধ কৰা |
| Captivated | আপ্লুত কৰা |
| Celluloid | চিনেমা জগত |
| Chartbuster | অভিলেখ ভংগকাৰী জনপ্ৰিয় গান |
| Composed | সুৰ বা সংগীত ৰচনা কৰা |
| Conferred | উপাধি প্ৰদান কৰা |
| Coveted | আকাংক্ষিত |
| Credit | কৃতিত্ব |
| Devout | ধৰ্মপৰায়ণ |
| Ensemble | বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰৰ দল |
| Fascinated | মোহিত হোৱা |
| Generic name | এটা গোটক দিয়া উমৈহতীয়া নাম |
| Glamour | চকমকনি |
| Hollow | ফোঁপোলা |
| Indispensable | অপৰিহাৰ্য |
| Inherited | উত্তৰাধিকাৰী সূত্ৰে পোৱা |
| Melody | সুমধুৰ সুৰ |
| Mourning | শোক প্ৰকাশ |
| Natural talent | জন্মগত প্ৰতিভা |
| On the verge of | একেবাৰে ওচৰত |
| Paternal uncle | মামা |
| Professional musicians | পেছাদাৰী সংগীতজ্ঞসকল। |
| Recited | আবৃত্তি কৰা |
| Reed | ফোঁপোলা ডালেৰে তৈয়াৰী বাঁহীজাতীয় বাদ্য |
| Replicate | হুবহু নকল কৰা |
| Revived | পুনৰুজ্জীৱিত কৰা |
| Shrill | কৰ্কশ উচ্চ স্বৰ |
| Solitude | নিৰ্জনতা |
| Souvenirs | স্মৃতিচিহ্ন |
| State Funeral | ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় সন্মানেৰে অন্ত্যেষ্টিক্ৰিয়া |
| Thick and fast | অতি ক্ষিপ্ৰতাৰে আৰু বৃহৎ পৰিমাণে |
| Traditional | পুৰণি কালৰ পৰা চলা |
| Unpleasant | অপ্ৰীতিকৰ |
| Yearning | তীব্ৰ হেঁপাহ |
Thinking about the Text
I. Tick the right answer.
- The (shehnai, pungi) was a ‘reeded noisemaker.’
Ans:- Pungi
- (Bismillah Khan, A barber, Ali Bux) transformed the pungi into a shehnai.
Ans:- Ali Bux
- Bismillah Khan’s paternal ancestors were (barbers, professional musicians).
Ans:-
- Bismillah Khan learnt to play the shehnai from (Ali Bux, Paigambar Bux, Ustad Faiyaaz Khan).
Ans:- Ustad Faiyaaz Khan
- Bismillah Khan’s first trip abroad was to (Afghanistan, U.S.A., Canada).
Ans:- Afghanistan
II. Find the words in the text which show Ustad Bismillah Khan’s feelings about the items listed below. Then mark a tick (P) in the correct column. Discuss your answers in class.
| Bismillah Khan’s feeling about | Positive | Negative | Neutral |
| 1. teaching children Music | |||
| 2. the film world | |||
| 3. migrating to the U.S.A. | |||
| 4. playing at temples | |||
| 5. getting the Bharat Ratna | |||
| 6. the bank of the Ganga | |||
| 7. leaving Benaras and Dumraon |
Ans.
- Positive
- Negative
- Negative
- Neutral
- Positive
- Positive
- Negative
• III. Answer these questions in 30–40 words.
Q. 1. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing of the pungi?
Ans. Emperor Aurangzeb banned the playing of the pungi in the royal residence because it had a shrill unpleasant sound.
Q. 2. How is a Shehnai different from a pungi?
Ans. A Shehnai different from a pungi. A Shehanai is a pipe with a naturally hollow, that is longer and broader than a pungi. A Shehnai has saven holes on the body of the pipe like a flute.
Q. 3. Where was the Shehnai played traditionally? How did Bismillah Khan change this?
Ans. The Shehnai was traditionally played in the Vishnu temple of Varanasi and North Indian weddings. Bismillah Khan’s maternal uncle used to play shehnai. He invented ragas which were earlier considered to be beyond the range of the Shehnai.
Q. 4 When and how did Bismillah Khan get his big break?
Ans. In 1938, with the opening of the All India Radio in Lucknow, Bismillah Khan got his big break. After that Bismillah Khan became an often heard Shehnai player on radio.
Q. 5. Where did Bismillah Khan play the Shehnai on 15 August 1947? Why was the event historic?
Ans. On 15 August 1947, Bismillah Khan played the Shehnai at Red Fort. Bismillah Khan was the first Indian to greet the nation with his musical instrument. The event was historic because on that day India gained independence.
Q. 6. Why did Bismillah Khan refuse to start a Shehnai School in the U.S.A.?
Ans. Bismillah Khan refused to start a Shehnai School in the U.S.A. because there were not suitable atmosphere to play Shehnai in U.S.A.He said that it was not possible to transport holy river Ganga from India to U.S.A.
Q. 7. Find at least two instances in the text which tell you that Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras.
Ans. Bismillah Khan loves India and Benaras from his heart. When he goes abroad, he says he misses the holy river Ganga and India. Also while he is in Mumbai he thinks of only Benaras and the holy Ganga.
Thinking about the language
• I. Complete the following sentences. Beginning with a to-verb. Try to answer the questions in brackets.
Q. 1. The School sports team hopes———- [What does it hope to do?]Ans. The school sports team hopes to win the match.
Q. 2. We all want _______________ (what do we all want to do?)
Ans. We all want to succeed in life.
Q. 3. They advised the hearing-impaired child’s mother _______________ (what did they advise her to do?)
Ans. They advised the hearing-impaired child’s mother to take her to a specialist.
Q. 4. The authorities permitted us to _______________( what did the authorities permit us to do ?)
Ans. The authorities permitted us to play in the field.
Q. 5. A musician decided to _______________(what did the musician decide to do?)
Ans. A musician decidedto play a new Raaga.
• II. From the text on Bismillah Khan, find the words and phrases that match these definition and write them down. The number of the paragraph where you will find the words /phrases has been given for you in brackets.
Q. 1. The home of royal people (1) —————
Ans. Royal residence
Q. 2. The state of being alone (5) —————
Ans. Solitude
Q. 3. A part which is absolutely necessary (2)—————
Ans. an indispensable component.
Q. 4. to do something not done before (5)—————
Ans. improvise and invent.
Q. 5. without much effort (13)—————
Q. 6. quickly and in large quantities (9)—— and——
Ans. thick and fast.
III. Tick the right answer
Q. 1. When something is revived, it (remains dead/lives again).
Ans. lives again
Q. 2. When a government bans something it want it (stopped/tarted). [
Ans. Stopped.
Q. 3. When something is considered auspicious (welcome it/avoid it)
Ans. welcome it
Q. 4. When we take to something we find it (boring/interesting).
Ans. interesting
Q. 5. When you appreciate something, you (find it good and useful/find it of no use.)
Ans. find it good and useful.
Q. 6. When you replicate something, you do it (for the first time/for the second time.)
Ans. for the second time.
Q. 7. When we come to terms with something, it is (still upsetting/no longer upsetting.)
Ans. no long upsetting.
************END*********
The Lake Isle of Innisfree (Ch-5)
Word Meaning
- Well-known (ৱেল-নোন) –বিখ্যাত।
- Explore(এক্সপ্ল’ৰ্ছ) – অন্বেষণ কৰা।
- Longing (লংগিং) –হেঁপাহ।
- Tranquillity (ট্ৰেংকুইলিটি) – নিস্তব্ধতা
- Lyric (লিৰিক) – গীতি-কবিতা ।
- Arise (এৰাইজ) – উঠা।
- Cabin (কেবিন) – পঁজা ঘৰ, সৰু কোঠা ।
- Clay (ক্লে’) – বোকা মাটি
- Wattles (ৱাটলছ) –গছৰ ডাল গাথিঁ সজা বেৰ ।
- Bean-rows (বীন-ৰ’জ) – উৰহী গছৰ শাৰী।
- Hive (হাইভ) – মৌ-মাখিয়ে সজা ঘৰ
- Honeybee (হানি-বী) – মৌ-মাখি।
- Bee-loud (বী-লাউড) – মৌ-মাখিৰ শব্দ।
- Glade (গ্লেড) –মুকলি ঠাই ।
- Peace (পীচ) – শান্তি।
- Veils (ভেইলছ) – ওৰণি
- Cricket (ক্ৰীকেট) – এক ধৰণৰ পোক যিয়ে নিশা শব্দ কৰে
- Glimmer (গ্লীমাৰ) – মৃদু পোহৰ
- Purple glow (পাৰ্পল গ্ল’) – বেঙুনীয়া পোহৰ
- Linnet (লিনেট) – এবিধ গান গোৱা সৰু চৰাই।
- Always (অলৱেজ) – সদায়
- Lapping (লেপিং) – ঢৌৱে পাৰত খুন্দিওৱাৰ শব্দ
- Shore (শ্ব’ৰ) – পাৰ
- Roadway (ৰ’ডৱে) – ৰাস্তা
- Pavement–পদপথ (ফুটপাথ)।
- core–গভীৰতম অংশ
Thinking about the Poem: Section I
1. What kind of place is Innisfree? Think about:
Ans:- Innisfree is a beautiful place, where there are full of natural scenery.
(i) the three things the poet wants to do when he goes back there (stanza I);
Ans:- The poet wants to –
1) Build a small cabin made of clay and wattles.
2) Plant nine rows of beans.
3) Set up a hive for honeybees .
(ii) What he hears and sees there and its effect on him (stanza II);
Ans:- He hears peace comes slowly and the cricket sign. He sees the midnight shine and purple glow at noon. Evenings are full of Linnet’s wings. He feels very happy and gets peace of mind.
(iii) What he hears in his “heart’s core” even when he is far away from Innisfree (stanza III).
Ans:-The poet hears the lake water lapping the shore with a low sound.
2. By now you may have concluded that Innisfree is a simple, natural place, full of beauty and peace. How does the poet contrast it with where he now stands? (Read stanza III.)
Ans:-The poet compares the beauty of Innisfree with the roads and pavements, where the poet stands.
3. Do you think Innisfree is only a place, or a state of mind? Does the poet actually miss the place of his boyhood days?
Ans:- Innisfree is a real place that give peace to the frustrated souls. The poet longs to live at such a beautiful and peaceful place. The poet misses this place a lot.
Thinking about the Poem: Section II
1. Look at the words the poet uses to describe what he sees and hears at Innisfree:
(i) bee-loud glade
(ii) evenings full of the linnet’s wings
(iii) lake water lapping with low sounds.
What pictures do these words create in your mind?
Ans:-
i) A glade with loud sound of bees.
ii) Linnet is a beautiful bird and when it flutter(পাখি লৰাই থকা) its wings it looks very nice.
iii) The waves strike the lake shore to create a pleasant sound.
2. Look at these words:…
peace comes dropping slow
Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket singsWhat do these words mean to you? What do you think “comes dropping slow…from the veils of the morning”? What does “to where the cricket sings” mean?
Ans:- These words represents that peace surrounds that area in the morning. The pleasing and melodious song of cricket welcome the morning.
********END*********
A Legend of Northland (Ch-6)
Word Meaning
- Legend:পুৰণি কাল্পনিক কাহিনী
- Northland:উত্তৰৰ বৰফাবৃত্ত দেশ
- Harness:গাড়ী টানিবলৈ জন্তুৰ গাত সঁজুলি বন্ধা
- Swift:দ্ৰুত বেগী
- Reindeer:ৰেইনডিয়াৰ (এক প্ৰকাৰৰ হৰিণা)
- Sledges:শ্লেজ গাড়ী (বৰফত চলা চকা নথকা গাড়ী)
- Curious:কৌতুহল
- Tale:সাধুকথা
- Preaching:ধৰ্মোপদেশ দিয়া
- Cottage:পঁজা ঘৰ
- Hearth:জুইশাল
- Faint:দুৰ্বল (ভোকৰ বাবে)
- Fasting:উপবাস (লঘোণে থকা)
- Kneaded:চটকাই লোৱা (ময়দা বা আটা)
- Scrap:সৰু টুকুৰা
- Wafer:পাতল পিঠা
- Provoke:খং উঠোৱা
- Dwelling:বসবাস কৰা
- Scanty:অতি তাকৰ
- Boring:বিন্ধা কৰা (কাঠ ফুটোৱা)
- Woodpecker:কাঠৰোকা চৰাই
- Scarlet:টকটকীয়া ৰঙা
Thinking about the Poem
I.
- Which country or countries do you think “the Northland” refers to?
Ans:- Northland refers to the countries in the north where days are short and nights are long.
- What did Saint Peter ask the old lady for? What was the lady’s reaction?
Ans:- Saint Peter asked the old lady a single pieces of cake as alms(দান). The old lady behaved miserly(কৃপণভাৱে) and kept changing the size of the cakes, but could not provide him anything to eat.
- How did he punish her?
Ans:- He Cursed(অভিশাপ দিয়া) her and made her a woodpecker.
- How does the woodpecker get her food?
Ans:- To get its food, the woodpecker bores the hard and dry wood.
- Do you think that the old lady would have been so ungenerous if she had known who Saint Peter really was? What would she have done then?
Ans:-If the old lady known about Saint Peter, she would not have done this . She might have given him the smallest piece of cake as she was very greedy one.
- Is this a true story? Which part of this poem do you feel is the most important?
Ans:-No, this is not a true story. It is an imaginary story. The third stanza of this poem is very important.
- What is a legend? Why is this poem called a legend?
Ans:- A legend is a mythological story from ancient times about people and events. The Title of the poem tells that it is a legend. The poet himself says that he doesn’t believe that is true.
- Write the story of ‘A Legend of the Northland’ in about ten sentences.
Ans:-
- The story takes place in the very cold, snowy Northland.
- Saint Peter grows tired and very hungry while preaching on Earth.
- He stops by a cottage where a little woman is baking cakes.
- He asks her for just one cake to eat.
- The greedy woman bakes a cake, but it looks too big to give away.
- She tries baking a much smaller cake, but it still looks too large.
- Finally, she makes a cake as thin as a wafer but still keeps it.
- Saint Peter gets angry because she is too selfish to be a human.
- He curses her and changes her into a woodpecker.
- Now, she must live in the woods and bore into trees for food.
II.
- Let’s look at the words at the end of the second and fourth lines, viz., ‘snows’ and ‘clothes’, ‘true’ and ‘you’, ‘below’ and ‘know.’ We find that ‘snows’ rhymes with ‘clothes’, ‘true’ rhymes with ‘you’ and ‘below’ rhymes with ‘know’. Find more such rhyming words.
Ans:-
- earth –> hearth
- done –> one
- lay –> away
- flat –> that
- shelf –> myself
- faint –> saint
- wood –> food
- same –> flame
- bird –> word
- Go to the local library or talk to older persons in your locality and find legends in your own language. Tell the class these legends.
Ans:-
The Legend of Tejimola
Introduction for the class: “I would like to share a famous traditional legend from Assam called Tejimola. Just like the poem A Legend of the Northland, this story teaches us about the dark consequences of human greed, jealousy, and cruelty, and features a magical transformation.”
The Story: Long ago, there lived a merchant who had a beautiful and kind daughter named Tejimola. After Tejimola’s mother passed away, the merchant remarried. The stepmother was extremely jealous of Tejimola’s beauty and the love she received from her father.
One day, the merchant went away on a long business trip. Seizing the opportunity, the cruel stepmother forced Tejimola to do heavy household chores and plotted to get rid of her. While Tejimola was crushing rice using a traditional wooden treadle (dheki), the stepmother deliberately crushed the young girl’s hands, killing her. To hide her crime, she buried Tejimola secretly in the garden.
Soon, a beautiful gourd plant grew out of the burial spot. When a passerby tried to pluck a gourd, the plant sang a sorrowful song, revealing that it was Tejimola. Terrified, the stepmother cut down the plant and threw it near the river, where it transformed into a beautiful flowering tree. Later, when the merchant finally returned home by boat, a bird sitting on the tree sang to him, revealing the stepmother’s cruelty. Through the power of her innocence, the bird transformed back into human form, and Tejimola was reunited with her loving father, while the wicked stepmother was punished.
Alternative: The Legend of Sati Joymati (Historical Legend)
If the class prefers a historical legend of bravery and sacrifice:
The Story: During the 17th century Ahom kingdom in Assam, a corrupt and cruel young king known as Lora Roja ordered the mutilation and execution of all rival princes to secure his throne. To save his life, Prince Gadapani fled into the hills, leaving behind his brave wife, Princess Joymati.
The king’s soldiers captured Joymati and demanded to know her husband’s whereabouts. Despite being tied to a thorny tree at JerengaPathar and brutally tortured for days under the open sky, Joymati refused to utter a single word that would endanger her husband or the future of her motherland. Her endurance and ultimate sacrifice inspired the people to overthrow the tyrant. Prince Gadapani returned to become one of the greatest kings of Assam, and Joymati is remembered to this day as a symbol of ultimate loyalty and patriotism.
*********END********
My Childhood (Ch-7)
Word Meaning
- Erstwhile – প্ৰাক্তন
- Innate – জন্মজাত (সহজাত)
- Austere – সৰল অথচ কঠোৰ নিয়মানুবৰ্তী
- Undistinguished – সাধাৰণ (বিশিষ্টতাহীন)
- Ancestral – পূৰ্বপুৰুষৰ
- Erupted – হঠাৎ প্ৰাদুৰ্ভাৱ ঘটা
- Casualty – ক্ষয়-ক্ষতি
- Suspension – সাময়িক স্থগিতকৰণ
- Orthodox – গোড়া (পৰম্পৰাগত ধৰ্মীয় বিশ্বাসী)
- Segregation – পৃথকীকৰণ
- Downcast – বিষণ্ণ (তলমূৰ কৰা)
- Conviction – দৃঢ় বিশ্বাস
- Imminent – আসন্ন (অহাটো নিশ্চিত)
- Perturbed – উদ্বিগ্ন (অশান্ত)
- Summoned – মতাই অনা (তলব কৰা)
বাক্যাংশ (Phrases):
- Generosity of spirit – উদাৰ মনোভাৱ
- Could not stomach – সহ্য কৰিব নোৱাৰা
- Broke out – হঠাৎ আৰম্ভ হোৱা
- Figures of authority – কর্তৃত্বশীল ব্যক্তি
- A helping hand – সহায়ৰ হাত
- In accordance with – নিয়ম অনুসৰি
Thinking About the text
I. Answer these questions in one or two sentences each.
- Where was Abdul Kalam’s house?
Ans:-On the Mosque street in Rameswaram.
- What do you think Dinamani is the name of? Give a reason for your answer.
Ans:-Dinamani is the name of a newspaper. Abdul Kalam attempts to trace the Second World War’s news in the headlines in this newspaper.
- Who were Abdul Kalam’s school friends? What did they later become?
Ans:- Abdul Kalam’s School friends were Ramanadha Sastry, Arvindan and Sivaprakasan.
Ramanadha Sastry became the priest of the Rameswaram temple. Aravindan went into the business of arranging transport for visiting pilgrims. Sivaprakasan became a catering contractor for the southern Railways.
- How did Abdul Kalam earn his first wages?
Ans:- Abdul Kalam earned his first wages by distributing newspaper in Rameswaram.
- Had he earned any money before that? In what way?
Ans:-Yes, by selling tamarind seeds.
II. Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words)
- How does the author describe: (i) his father, (ii) his mother, (iii) himself?
Ans:- The author describes his father as a wise and generous(দয়ালু) person. His father had not much formal education and wealth. He avoided inessential comfort and luxuries.
His mother was a noble(মহান) and kind hearted person. She used to feed large number of people everyday.
The author was born into a middle class Tamil family. He was a short boy with undistinguished look.
- What characteristics does he say he inherited from his parents?
Ans:- The author inherited honestyandself-discipline from his father .From his mother he inherited goodness(সাধুতা) and deep kindness.
III. Discuss these questions in class with your teacher and then write down your answers in two or three paragraphs each.
- “On the whole, the small society of Rameswaram was very rigid in terms of the segregation of different social groups,” says the author.
(i) Which social groups does he mention? Were these groups easily identifiable (for example, by the way they dressed)?
Ans:- The author says about the people who belongs to different caste and follow different religious preachings (ধৰ্ম প্ৰচাৰ কৰা)
These groups are easily identifiable by their dressing, traditions, culture and rituals(ধৰ্মীয় ৰীতি-নিতী). For example, the Brahmins boy worn sacred thread and the Muslim boy wore a cap in his head.
(ii) Were they aware only of their differences or did they also naturally share friendships and experiences? (Think of the bedtime stories in Kalam’s house; of who his friends were; and of what used to take place in the pond near his house.)
Ans:-No, they were not aware only of their differences. They naturally shared close friendships and experiences:
Bedtime Stories: Kalam’s mother and grandmother told the children stories from both the life of the Prophet and the Ramayana.
Friendships: Kalam’s three closest childhood friends were all from orthodox Hindu Brahmin families, and they never felt any religious barriers between them.
The Pond Events: During the annual Shri Sita Rama Kalyanam festival, Kalam’s Muslim family arranged the boats with a special platform to carry the temple idols to the marriage site at the Rama Tirtha pond, which was right near his house.
(iii) The author speaks both of people who were very aware of the differences among them and those who tried to bridge these differences. Can you identify such people in the text?
Ans:-Yes, the text clearly identifies both groups:
People aware of differences
- The new schoolteacher: He forced Kalam to sit on the back bench because he couldn’t accept a Muslim boy sitting next to a Hindu priest’s son.
- The science teacher’s wife: An orthodox Brahmin who initially refused to serve Kalam a meal in her ritually pure kitchen.
People who bridged differences
- Lakshmana Sastry: The high priest who strongly reprimanded(ধমক দিয়া) the new teacher and forced him to apologize for spreading communal intolerance.
- Sivasubramania Iyer (The science teacher): He served Kalam dinner with his own hands, ate alongside him, and explicitly(স্পষ্টভাৱে) urged him to break social barriers to change the system.
(iv) Narrate two incidents that show how differences can be created, and also how they can be resolved. How can people change their attitudes?
Ans:-
Incident 1: The New Schoolteacher
- Created: A new teacher forced Kalam to the back bench because he was sitting next to a Hindu priest’s son.
- Resolved: The high priest Lakshmana Sastry confronted the teacher, demanding an apology or resignation, which reformed him.
Incident 2: The Science Teacher’s Wife
- Created: An orthodox Brahmin wife refused to serve Kalam in her ritually pure kitchen.
- Resolved: Her husband calmly served Kalam himself. This quiet example changed her attitude, and she served Kalam inside her kitchen on his next visit.
How attitudes change
Prejudices (পক্ষপাত) dissolve when firmly (দৃঢ়ভাৱে)challengedby respected leaders and when people witness quiet, positive examples that prove social barriers are baseless.
- (i) Why did Abdul Kalam want to leave Rameswaram?
Ans:- To study at the district headquarter at Ramanathapuram.
(ii) What did his father say to this?
Ans:-His father gave his permission by comparing Kalam to a seagull. He said:
“Abdul! I know you have to go away to grow. Does the seagull not fly across the sun, alone and without a nest?”
He also quoted the poet Khalil Gibran to Kalam’s hesitant mother, telling her that her children were not her own, but the sons and daughters of Life’s longing for itself, and that she could give them her love but not her thoughts.
(iii) What do you think his words mean? Why do you think he spoke those words?
Ans:-
What they mean: The words mean that children must independently venture(উদ্যম) out into the world to fulfill their potential(প্ৰতিভা) and achieve growth. Parents cannot hold them back or force their own thoughts upon them.
Why he spoke them: He spoke these words to comfort (সান্ত্বনা দিয়া)and convince (পতিয়ন নিওৱা)Kalam’s mother, who was deeply reluctant(অনিচ্ছুক) to let her young son leave home. He wanted to help her accept the practical reality of their child growing up and moving out.
**************END**************
No Men Are Foregin (Ch-8)
Word Meaning
| English Word / Phrase | Assamese Meaning |
| Foreign | বিদেশী / বিদেশৰ |
| Strange | অচিনাকি / অদ্ভুত |
| Uniforms | একে পোছাক / একে সাজ-পোছাক |
| Beneath | তলত / তলত থকা |
| Breathes | উশাহ লয় |
| Brothers | ভাতৃসকল / ভাইসকল |
| Shall lie | শুই থাকিব / সমাধিস্থ হ’ব |
| Aware | সচেতন / অৱগত |
| Harvests | শস্য চপোৱা / ফচল |
| War’s long winter | যুদ্ধৰ দীঘলীয়া দুখ-কষ্টৰ সময় |
| Starved | অনাহাৰে থকা / ভোকত থকা |
| Lines | ৰেখা / বলিৰেখা |
| Labour | শ্ৰম / পৰিশ্ৰম |
| Wake | সাৰ পোৱা |
| Sleep | শোৱা / নিদ্ৰা যোৱা |
| Common | সাধাৰণ / উমৈহতীয়া |
| Recognise | চিনাক্ত কৰা / চিনি পোৱা |
| Understand | বুজি পোৱা |
| Hate | ঘৃণা কৰা |
| Dispossess | অধিকাৰৰ পৰা বঞ্চিত কৰা |
| Betray | বিশ্বাসঘাতকতা কৰা |
| Condemn | নিন্দা কৰা / দোষী সাব্যস্ত কৰা |
| Take arms | অস্ত্ৰ ধাৰণ কৰা / যুদ্ধ কৰিবলৈ অস্ত্ৰ লোৱা |
| Each other | ইজনে-সিজনক |
| Defile | অপবিত্ৰ কৰা / কলুষিত কৰা |
| Hells | নৰকসমূহ |
| dust | ধূলি |
| Outrage | অপমান কৰা / অত্যাচাৰ কৰা |
| Innocence | নিৰ্দোষিতা / নিষ্কলংকতা |
| Air | বায়ু |
| Earth | পৃথিৱী / মাটি |
| Arms | অস্ত্ৰ |
| No men are foreign | কোনো মানুহেই বিদেশী নহয় |
| No countries strange | কোনো দেশেই অচিনাকি নহয় |
Thinking About the Poem
1. (i) “Beneath all uniforms …” What uniforms do you think the poet is speaking about?
Ans:-The poet is speaking about the different uniforms worn by soldiers of different countries. Though their uniforms are different, all soldiers are human beings like us.
1. (ii) How does the poet suggest that all people on earth are the same?
Ans:-The poet says that all people are the same because:
- We all breathe the same air.
- We all live on the same earth.
- We all need sun, air and water.
- We all work and suffer in similar ways.
- We all have eyes, hands and hearts.
- We all experience love, sleep and life.
Thus, there is no real difference between people of different countries.
2. In stanza 1, find five ways in which we all are alike. Pick out the words.
Ans:- The five ways we are alike from stanza 1 are:
- Single body breathes (We all breathe the same way)
- Walk upon (We all walk on the same earth)
- Earth like this (We live on the same planet)
- Shall lie (We will all be buried in the same earth after death)
- No men are strange / No countries foreign (We are all human beings)
3. How many common features can you find in stanza 2? Pick out the words.
Ans:- There are 5 common features in stanza 2:
- Sun (We all enjoy the same sunlight)
- Air (We all breathe the same air)
- Water (We all need the same water)
- Fed by peaceful harvests (We are all nourished by crops during peace)
- Their hands are ours / labour (We all work hard with our hands to earn a living)
4. “Whenever we are told / To hate our brothers…” When do you think this happens ? Why ? Who tells us ? Should we do as we are told at such times ? What does the poet say?
Ans:- This happens during wars and conflicts, when people are encouraged to hate or fight people of another country.
We may be told to hate others by leaders, politicians, governments or people who want to create conflict.
No, we should not blindly follow such instructions. The poet reminds us that people of other countries are also our brothers. They have the same needs, feelings and human qualities as we do.
The poet says that hating or fighting others means harming ourselves, because all human beings are part of the same human family.
**************END*************
The Bond of Love(Ch-9)
English WordEnglishMeaningAssamese Meaning (অসমীয়া অৰ্থ)
- Aerated- বায়ু যুক্ত/গেছ যুক্ত ।
- Affection- মৰম
- Affectionately- মৰমেৰে.
- Christened- নামকৰণ কৰা
- Claw-নখ
- Concealed – লুকুৱাই ৰখা
- Condiments – মচলা বা সোৱাদ বঢ়োৱা সামগ্ৰী
- Conjecture –অনুমান
- Consent – অনুমতি
- Cradled- কোচত লোৱা ।
- Curator- চিৰিয়াখানা বা সংগ্ৰহালয়ৰ তত্ত্বাবধায়ক
- Delighted-আনন্দিত
- Depressed – হতাশ হোৱা
- Disdainfully- অবহেলাৰে / অৱজ্ঞাৰে
- Elevation – উচ্চতা
- Fascinating – আকৰ্ষণীয়
- Floundering- লৰচৰ কৰিবলৈ কষ্ট পোৱা / ছটফট কৰা
- Fretting – চিন্তিত বা মনৰ অশান্তিত থকা
- Fur- নোম
- Gnarled- কোঁচ খোৱা / অমসৃণ
- Gunny-bag – বস্তাৰ মোনা
- Hoisted–ৰচীৰে ওপৰলৈ দঙা
- Howled – জোৰেৰে চিঞৰা
- Hypodermic- ছালৰ তলত চিৰিঞ্জ দিবলৈ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা বেজী
- Inconsolable- শোকাকুল /-সান্ত্বনা দিব নোৱাৰা / অতিশয় দুখী
- Inroad- সোমাই অহা/ আক্ৰমণ কৰা ।
- Muzzle- মুখৰ আগলৈ উলাই থকা অংশ( ভালুক, কুকুৰ আদিৰ নাক,মুখ আদিৰ)
- Panting- হাঁফাই থকা/ ঘনে ঘনে উশাহ লোৱা ।
- Pit- গাঁত / খাল
- Pitiful- কৰুণ / দয়া লগা
- Plead- আপত্তি/ অনুৰোধ
- Prostrate – তললৈ মূৰ কৰি শুই থকা ।
- Pudding- আটাৰ ভাপা পিঠা ।
- Reconcile- মিলোৱা / স্বীকাৰ কৰা ।
- Relish- তৃপ্তিৰে খোৱা
- Restrain – সংযম কৰা
- Scooted- খৰধৰকৈ পলাই যোৱা
- Scratched – আঁচোৰ মৰা
- Scruff – ডিঙিৰ পিছফালৰ চামৰা
- Sertorius-ঘোৰঘোৰণি তোলা বা শব্দ কৰা উশাহ-নিশাহ
- Shaggy hair – আউল বাউল চুলি
- Sloth bear – এলেহুৱা ভাল্লুক (এবিধ বিশেষ ধৰণৰ ভল্লুক)
- Tenants- ভাড়াতীয়া
- Termite – উই পোক ।
- Wantonly- কাৰণ অবিহনে / অনাহকত
I. Thinking about the Text
I. Given in the box are some headings. Find the relevant paragraphs in the text to match the headings.
| An Orphaned Cub; Bruno’s Food-chart; An Accidental Case of Poisoning; Playful Baba; Pain of Separation; Joy of Reunion; A Request to the Zoo; An Island in the Courtyard |
Ans:-
An Orphaned Cub- Paragraph-1
Bruno’s Food-chart – Paragraph-6
An Accidental Case of Poisoning – Paragraph-8
Playful Baba; – Paragraph-12
Pain of Separation, – Paragraph-14
Joy of Reunion;- Paragraph-17
A Request to the Zoo- 18
An Island in the Courtyard- 21
II. Answer the following questions.
1) “I got him for her by accident.”
(i) Who says this?
Ans:- The Autor says this.
(ii) Who do ‘him’ and ‘her’ refer to?
Ans:-‘Him’ refers to the babybear and ‘her’ refers to the narrator’s wife.
(iii) What is the incident referred to here?
Ans:- The incident referred here is the catching of the bear in the sugarcane filed.
2) “He stood on his head in delight.”
(i) Who does ‘he’ refer to?
Ans:- Here ‘he’ refers to the baby bear.
(ii) Why was he delighted?
Ans:-He was delighted to see the narrator’s wife after a long time at the Mysore Zoo.
3) “We all missed him greatly: but in a sense we were relieved.”
(i) Who does ‘we all’ stand for?
Ans:-‘We all’ means the author, his wife and their son .
(ii) Who did they miss?
Ans:-They missed the baby bear.
(iii) Why did they nevertheless feel relieved?
Ans:-They felt relieved because Bruno had grown too large and dangerous to be kept safely at home.
III. Answer the following questions in 30 to 40 words each.
- On two occasions Bruno ate/drank something that should not be eaten/drunk. What happened to him on these occasions?
Ans:-First, Bruno ate rat poison, causing paralysis and violent breathing; he was treated with atropine injections. On the second occasion, he drank an old engine oil drain, but surprisingly, it had no ill effects on him at all.
- Was Bruno a loving and playful pet? Why, then, did he have to be sent away?
Ans:-Yes, Bruno was affectionate, playful, and deeply attached to the family. However, as he grew into a full-sized sloth bear, keeping him unleashed became unsafe for the neighborhood and children, so he was sent to the zoo.
- How was the problem of what to do with Bruno finally solved?
Ans:-Seeing Bruno and the narrator’s wife pining for each other, they brought him back home from the zoo. They built a special island to keep him safely at home.
**********
Thinking about Language
I.
1) Find these words in the lesson. They all have ie or ei in them.
| F___ld | ingred ___ nts | h ___ ght | misch ___ vous |
| fr ___ nds | ___ ghty-seven | rel ___ ved | p ___ ce |
Ans:-
| Word |
| field |
| ingredients |
| height |
| mischievous |
| friends |
| eighty-seven |
| relieved |
| piece |
2) Now here are some more words. Complete them with ei or ie. Consult a dictionary if necessary.
| bel ___ ve | rec ___ ve | w ___ rd | l ___sure | s ___ ze |
| w___ght | r ___ gn | f___ gn | gr ___ f | p ___ rce |
(There is a popular rule of spelling: ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’. Check if this rule is true by looking at the words above.)
Ans:-
| Word |
| believe |
| receive |
| weird |
| leisure |
| seize |
| weight |
| reign |
| feign |
| grief |
| pierce |
II. Here are some words with silent letters. Learn their spelling. Your teacher will dictate these words to you. Write them down and underline the silent letters.
| knock | wrestle | walk | wrong |
| knee | half | honest | daughter |
| hours | return | hornet | calm |
| could | sign | island | button |
Ans:-knock (k is silent)
wrestle (w and t are silent)
walk (l is silent)
wrong (w is silent)
knee (k is silent)
half (l is silent)
honest (h is silent)
daughter (gh is silent)
hours (h is silent)
could (l is silent)
sign (g is silent)
island (s is silent)
calm (l is silent)
Note: The remaining words in the list—return, hornet, and button—do not contain silent letters in standard pronunciation. All letters in these words are sounded out.
ADVERBS
(i) Complete the following sentences, using a suitable adverb ending in -ly.
(a) Rana does her homework ____________.
Ans:- Rana does her homework neatly (or sincerely / carefully).
(b) It rains ____________ in Mumbai in June.
Ans:-It rains heavily in Mumbai in June.
(c) He does his work ____________.
Ans:-He does his work honestly (or diligently / properly).
(d) The dog serves his master ____________.
Ans:-The dog serves his master faithfully..
(ii) Choose the most suitable adverbs or adverbial phrases and complete the following sentences.
(a) We should ____________ get down from a moving train. (never, sometimes, often)
Ans:-We should never get down from a moving train.
(b) I was ____________ in need of support after my poor performance. (badly, occasionally, sometimes)
Ans:-I was badly in need of support after my poor performance.
(c) Rita met with an accident. The doctor examined her ____________. (suddenly, seriously, immediately)
Ans:-Rita met with an accident. The doctor examined her immediately.
WORD ORDER
Ans:-It was a cold winter’s day, and an ant was bringing out some grains of corn from her home. She had gathered the corn in summer. She wanted to dry them.
A grasshopper, who was very hungry, saw her and said, “When did you get the corn? I am dying of hunger.”
“I collected it in summer,” said the ant. “What were you doing in summer? Why did you not store some corn?”
The grasshopper replied, “I was too busy.”
“What were you doing?” asked the ant again.
“I was singing all day,” answered the grasshopper.
“If you sang all summer,” said the ant, “you can dance all winter.”
************END**********
A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal(ch-10)
— William Wordsworth
1. Word Meanings (শব্দাৰ্থ)
- Slumber — গাঢ় টোপনি বা অচেতন অৱস্থা।
- Spirit —আত্মা বা মন।
- Seal —মোহৰ মৰা বা আৱদ্ধ কৰা।
- fear —ভীতি বা ভয়।
- Seemed —যেন লাগিছিল।
- Earthly years —পৃথিৱীৰ সময়ৰ প্ৰভাৱ ।
- Force —শক্তি বা বল।
- Neither —এটাও নহয়
- Diurnal —দৈনন্দিন ।
- Course —গতিপথ বা পথ।
- Rolled round —ঘূৰি থকা ।
2. Line-by-Line Meaning in Assamese (পদ্যটোৰ প্ৰতিটো শাৰীৰ অৰ্থ)
- Line 1: “A slumber did my spirit seal—”
(এক গাঢ় টোপনিয়ে (অচেতনতাই) মোৰ আত্মাক আৱদ্ধ কৰি বা মোহৰ মাৰি থৈছিল—)
- Line 2: “I had no human fears.”
(মোৰ মনত কোনো মানৱীয় ভয় বা শংকা নাছিল।)
- Line 3: “She seemed a thing that could not feel”
(তাইক এনে এক সত্তা যেন লাগিছিল যি অনুভৱ কৰিব নোৱাৰে,)
- Line 4: “The touch of earthly years.”
(পাৰ্থিৱ সময় আৰু বয়সৰ প্ৰভাৱক।)
- Line 5: “No motion has she now, no force—”
( এতিয়া তাইৰ কোনো গতি নাই, কোনো শক্তি নাই—)
- Line 6: “She neither hears nor sees;”
( তাই এতিয়া শুনিবও নোৱাৰে আৰু দেখিবও নোৱাৰে)
- Line 7: “Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course,”
(পৃথিৱীৰ দৈনিক আহ্নিক গতিৰ সৈতে তাই ঘূৰি ফুৰিছে,)
- Line 8: “With rocks and stones and trees.”
( শিলা, শিল আৰু গছ-গছনিৰ সৈতে এজনী হৈ।)
3. Summary of the Poem (কবিতাটোৰ সাৰাংশ)
English Summary
“A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal” is a short eight-line poem written by William Wordsworth that reflects on the death of a beloved person (often associated with Lucy). In the first stanza, the poet describes his state of mind before her death. He was in a dream-like sleep (slumber), unaware and unconcerned about human fears or the reality that she could age and die. In the second stanza, death transforms her physical existence. She no longer has motion, vision, or hearing. However, she becomes an inseparable part of nature, revolving daily with the Earth along with rocks, stones, and trees.
Assamese Summary (অসমীয়া সাৰাংশ)
“A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal” হৈছে উইলিয়াম ৱৰ্ডছৱৰ্থৰ দ্বাৰা ৰচিত আঠটা শাৰীৰ এটি চুটি শোক কবিতা। কবিতাটিত কবিৰ প্রিয়জনৰ (যাক সাধাৰণতে লুচি বুলি ধৰা হয়) মৃত্যুৰ পিছৰ অনুভৱ ব্যক্ত কৰা হৈছে। প্ৰথমটো স্তৱকত কবিয়ে কয় যে তেওঁ এক অচেতন টোপনিৰ দৰে অৱস্থাত আছিল, য’ত প্রিয়জনৰ মৃত্যু বা বয়স বৃদ্ধি সম্পৰ্কে তেওঁৰ কোনো ভয় নাছিল। কিন্তু দ্বিতীয়টো স্তৱকত মৃত্যুৱে সকলো সলাই পেলায়। তাইৰ এতিয়া কোনো গতি বা শক্তি নাই; তাই একো দেখিব বা শুনিব নোৱাৰে। কিন্তু তাই এতিয়া প্ৰকৃতিৰ এক অবিচ্ছেদ্য অংশ হৈ পৰিছে আৰু পৃথিৱীৰ দৈনিক গতিৰ লগত শিল আৰু গছ-গছনিৰ দৰেই ঘূৰি আছে।
4. About the Poet (কবি পৰিচয়)
In English
William Wordsworth (1770–1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature. He was named Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom in 1843. Wordsworth is famous for his deep connection with nature, which he viewed as a living, divine force that offers peace, wisdom, and spiritual healing.
(উইলিয়াম ৱৰ্ডছৱৰ্থ (১৭৭০–১৮৫০) আছিল ইংৰাজী সাহিত্যৰ ৰোমান্টিক যুগৰ অন্যতম শ্ৰেষ্ঠ কবি। তেওঁ ছেমুৱেল টেলৰ ক’লৰিজৰ সৈতে মিলি ইংৰাজী সাহিত্যত ৰোমান্টিক আন্দোলনৰ সূচনা কৰিছিল। ১৮৪৩ চনত তেওঁক যুক্তৰাজ্যৰ ‘পোয়েট লৰেট’ (Poet Laureate) হিচাপে মনোনীত কৰা হৈছিল। ৱৰ্ডছৱৰ্থ প্ৰকৃতিৰ সংস্পৰ্শ আৰু প্ৰকৃতিৰ প্ৰতি থকা গভীৰ প্ৰেমৰ বাবে বিখ্যাত; তেওঁ প্ৰকৃতিক এক জীৱন্ত আৰু আধ্যাত্মিক শক্তি বুলি জ্ঞান কৰিছিল।)
5. Answers to “Thinking about the Poem”
Question 1:
“A slumber did my spirit seal,” says the poet. That is, a deep sleep ‘closed off’ his soul (or mind). How does the poet react to his loved one’s death? Does he feel bitter grief? Or does he feel a great peace?
( “এক গাঢ় টোপনিয়ে মোৰ আত্মাক আৱদ্ধ কৰিছিল,” কবিয়ে কৈছে। অৰ্থাৎ, এটা গাঢ় টোপনিয়ে তেওঁৰ মনটোক অচেতন কৰি তুলিছিল। প্ৰিয়জনৰ মৃত্যুত কবিয়ে কেনেদৰে প্ৰতিক্ৰিয়া প্ৰকাশ কৰিছে? তেওঁ তীব্ৰ শোক অনুভৱ কৰিছে নে এক গভীৰ শান্তি অনুভৱ কৰিছে?)
Answer:The poet does not express bitter or violent grief in a conventional way. Instead, he accepts the reality of death with a sense of calm and quiet peace. He realizes that although she is physically dead, she has become an eternal part of nature, moving naturally with the earth’s daily rotation.
(কবিয়ে সাধাৰণ মানুহৰ দৰে তীব্ৰ চিঞৰ-বাখৰ বা দুখ প্ৰকাশ কৰা নাই। তাৰ পৰিৱৰ্তে তেওঁ এক প্ৰশান্ত মানসিক স্থিৰতা লাভ কৰিছে। তেওঁ অনুভৱ কৰিছে যে যদিও তাই পাৰ্থিৱভাৱে মৃত, তাই এতিয়া প্ৰকৃতিৰ এক অবিনশ্বৰ অংশ হৈ পৰিছে আৰু পৃথিৱীৰ গতিৰ সৈতে মিলি গৈছে।)
Question 2:The passing of time will no longer affect her, says the poet. Which lines of the poem say this?
(সময়ৰ গতিয়ে তাইক আৰু কোনো প্ৰভাৱ পেলাব নোৱাৰে, কবিয়ে কৈছে। কবিতাটোৰ কোনবোৰ শাৰীয়ে এই কথাটো বুজাইছে?)
Answer: The lines that indicate this are:
“She seemed a thing that could not feel” “The touch of earthly years.”
Question 3: How does the poet imagine her to be, after death? Does he think of her as a person living in a very happy state (a ‘heaven’)? Or does he see her now as a part of nature? In which lines of the poem do you find your answer?
( মৃত্যুৰ পিছত কবিয়ে তাইক কেনেকুৱা ৰূপত কল্পনা কৰিছে? তেওঁ তাইক কোনোধৰণৰ সৰ্গ বা স্বৰ্গীয় সুখৰ ৰাজ্যত থকা বুলি ভাবিছে নেকি? নে তেওঁ তাইক প্ৰকৃতিৰ এক অংশ হিচাপে দেখিছে? কবিতাৰ কোনবোৰ শাৰীত আপুনি আপোনাৰ উত্তৰ বিচাৰি পায়?)
Answer: The poet does not picture her in a traditional heaven. Instead, he sees her as a physical part of nature, absorbed into the Earth’s ecosystem.
The lines that support this answer are:
“Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course,” “With rocks and stones and trees.”
(কবিয়ে তাইক কোনো কাল্পনিক স্বৰ্গলোকত থকা বুলি কল্পনা কৰা নাই। বৰঞ্চ তেওঁ তাইক প্ৰকৃতিৰ এক স্বাভাৱিক অংশ হিচাপে পৃথিৱীৰ মাটি, শিল আৰু গছ-গছনিৰ লগত বিলীন হৈ যোৱা দেখিছে।
উত্তৰটো সমৰ্থন কৰা কবিতাটোৰ শাৰী দুটা হ’ল:
“Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course,” “With rocks and stones and trees.”)
*********END********
A Visit to Kaziranga and Sivasagar(CH-11)
Word Meanings in Assamese (শব্দাৰ্থ)
Ancient –প্ৰাচীন / অতি পুৰণি
Breathtaking -অত্যন্ত সুন্দৰ / আকৰ্ষক/ চকু জুৰোৱা বা আচৰিত ধৰণৰ ধুনীয়া।
Burial ground –কবৰস্থান
Camouflage -ছদ্মবেশ / লুকুৱাই ৰখা আৱৰণ
Capital -ৰাজধানী
Conservation –সংৰক্ষণ
Dawn- পুৱতি নিশা হয়
Drowned -পানীত ডুবি মৰা
Expanse – বিস্তীৰ্ণ ভূমি / চাৰিওফালে বিয়পি থকা এলেকা।
Extensively – বহলভাৱে
Fauna –প্ৰাণীকুল/ কোনো ঠাইৰ সকলো ধৰণৰ জীৱ-জন্তু।
Flesh -মাংস
Flora –উদ্ভিদকুল/ কোনো ঠাইৰ সকলো ধৰণৰ গছ-গছনি।
Freshening -সতেজ হোৱা
Greenery -সেউজীয়া পৰিৱেশ
Herbivorous -তৃণভোজী
Historical –ঐতিহাসিক
Immediately -লগে লগে
Jurisdiction – নিয়ন্ত্ৰণৰ এলেকা
Marshes -তিতা আৰু বোকাযুক্ত আদ্ৰ ভূমি।
Monuments -স্মাৰক / কীৰ্তিচিহ্ন
Narrate – বৰ্ণনা কৰা
Palace – ৰাজপ্ৰসাদ
Plead -অনুৰোধ কৰা
Preserve -সংৰক্ষণ কৰা / সুৰক্ষিত কৰি ৰখা।
Prohibited –নিষিদ্ধ/ কৰিবলৈ মানা কৰা বা আইনগতভাৱে বাৰণ কৰা।
Protected –সংৰক্ষিত/ নিৰাপদ কৰি ৰখা।
Protective –ৰক্ষাকাৰী
Pug marks -মাটিত পৰি থকা জন্তুৰ ভৰিৰ চাপ।
Rare –বিৰল / সহজে দেখিবলৈ নোপোৱা।
Remains -অৱশেষ)
Renowned -বিখ্যাত / সুপ্ৰসিদ্ধ
Sanctuary –অভয়াৰণ্য/জীৱ-জন্তু সুৰক্ষিতভাৱে থকা নিৰাপদ ঠাই।
Shrubs -জোপোহা গছ/ সৰু সৰু জোপোহা গছ-বন।
Significance -গুৰুত্ব / মহত্ব।
Structure -গঠন-শৈলী
Tanks –পুখুৰী/জলাশয়
Thickets -ঘন বন / জোপোহা
Travel – ভ্ৰমণ কৰা
Tunnel -সুৰংগ
Unique -অনন্য / ব্যতিক্ৰমি
Vast-বিশাল / ডাঙৰ।
Veranda -বাৰান্দা)
Viceroy -ভাইচৰয়/ ব্ৰিটিছ শাসনকালত ভাৰতৰ মুখ্য গৱৰ্ণৰ জেনেৰেল।
Meaning of the Chapter in Assamese
Paragraph Group 1 (Introduction to the trip): লোহিত আৰু ত্ৰিশাই সিহঁতৰ মাক-দেউতাকৰ সৈতে কাজিৰঙা ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান আৰু শিৱসাগৰৰ ঐতিহাসিক ঠাইসমূহলৈ ভ্ৰমণ কৰাৰ কথা এই পাঠটিত বৰ্ণনা কৰা হৈছে। লোহিত আৰু ত্ৰিশা বিদ্যালয়ৰ বন্ধৰ দিনত দেউতাকৰ লগত বিভিন্ন ঠাইলৈ ফুৰিবলৈ যায়। এইবাৰ সিহঁত শিৱসাগৰলৈ যাব আৰু বাটতে কাজিৰঙাত এটা ৰাতি কটাব বিলিকি স্থিৰ কৰিলে।
- Paragraph Group 2 (Journey to Kaziranga): নিৰ্ধাৰিত দিনটোত সিহঁতে নিজৰ কাৰখনেৰে যাত্ৰা আৰম্ভ কৰিলে আৰু দুপৰীয়া কাজিৰঙা পালেহি। তাত এটা হোটেলত জিৰণি লৈ সিহঁতে সেউজীয়া প্ৰকৃতি উপভোগ কৰিলে। দেউতাকে ক’লে যে পিছদিনা পুৱাই হাতিৰ পিঠিত উঠি সিহঁতে গায়ন কৰিব।
- Paragraph Group 3 (About Kaziranga National Park): মাক আৰু দেউতাকে লোহিত-ত্ৰিশাক বুজাই দিলে যে কাজিৰঙা হ’ল এশিঙীয়া গঁড়ৰ বাবে বিখ্যাত আৰু ইয়াক সংৰক্ষণৰ বাবে ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান হিচাপে ঘোষণা কৰা হৈছে। ইয়াত বন্যপ্ৰাণী যেনে হাতী, বনৰীয়া ম’হ, হৰিণ, বাঘ আৰু বিভিন্ন চৰাই-চিৰিকটি আছে। ১৯০৪ চনত মেৰী কাৰ্জনে এই ঠাই ভ্ৰমণ কৰি গঁড় সুৰক্ষাৰ বাবে অনুৰোধ কৰাৰ পিছত ১৯০৫ চনত সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল হিচাপে গঢ় লৈ উঠে আৰু পিছলৈ ১৯৭৪ চনত ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যানৰ স্বীকৃতি পায়। ইউনেস্ক’ই (UNESCO) ১৯৮৫ চনত ইয়াক বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্য ক্ষেত্ৰ (World Heritage Site) হিচাপে ঘোষণা কৰে।
- Paragraph Group 4 (Elephant Ride & Fauna): পিছদিনা পুৱা হাতীৰ পিঠিত উঠি সিহঁতে উদ্যানখনৰ মাজেৰে ঘূৰিলে আৰু বহুতো গঁড়, চৰাই আৰু হৰিণ প্ৰত্যক্ষ কৰিলে। সিহঁতে জানিব পাৰিলে যে গঁড়বোৰ তৃণভোজী (herbivorous) অৰ্থাৎ কেৱল ঘাঁহ আৰু গছৰ পাতহে খায়। কাজিৰঙাত গঁড়ৰ উপৰি বাঘৰ ঘনত্বও সৰ্বাধিক বুলি সিহঁতে জানিলে।
- Paragraph Group 5 (Sivasagar & Its Monuments): কাজিৰঙাৰ যাত্ৰা শেষ কৰি সিহঁতে শিৱসাগৰলৈ ৰাওনা হ’ল। বাটতে সিহঁতে নামদং শিলৰ দলং (Silor Saaku) দেখিলে, যিখন মাত্ৰ এটা শিল ক্তি কাটি কোনো আধুনিক প্ৰযুক্তি নোহোৱাকৈ ৰুদ্ৰ সিংহৰ দিনত ১৭০৩ চনত নিৰ্মাণ কৰা হৈছিল। শিৱসাগৰ চহৰত উপস্থিত হৈ সিহঁতে বিখ্যাত বৰপুখুৰী (Sivasagar Tank) আৰু তাৰ পাৰত থকা শিৱদৌল, বিষ্ণুদৌল আৰু দেৱী দৌল পৰিদৰ্শন কৰিলে, যিবোৰ স্বৰ্গদেউ শিৱসিংহ আৰু কুঁৱৰী অম্বিকাসকলৰ দ্বাৰা নিৰ্মিত হৈছিল।
- Paragraph Group 6 (Rang Ghar, Talatal Ghar, and Charaideo): সিহঁতে ওলোটা নাওৰ আকৃতিৰ বিখ্যাত ৰংঘৰ দেখিলে, য’ত আহোম ৰজাসকলে ম’হ যুঁজ, চৰাই যুঁজ আদি থলুৱা খেল উপভোগ কৰিছিল। তাৰ পিছত সিহঁতে ভূগৰ্ভস্থ সুৰংগ থকা তলাতল ঘৰ আৰু কাষৰ ৰূদ্ৰসাগৰ পুখুৰী চালে। শেষত সিহঁতে চাৰিআৰৈৰ মৈদামসমূহ (Ahom royal burial mounds, যাক ইজিপ্তৰ পিৰামিডৰ লগত তুলনা কৰা হয়) পৰিদৰ্শন কৰি এক আনন্দদায়ক আৰু জ্ঞানবৰ্ধক অভিজ্ঞতা লৈ ঘৰলৈ উভতিল।
Summary of the Chapter in Assamese (পাঠটোৰ সাৰাংশ)
“এ ভিজিট টু কাজিৰঙা এণ্ড শিৱসাগৰ” (A Visit to Kaziranga and Sivasagar) পাঠটিত শ্ৰীমলা দুৱাৰাই এটি সৰু পৰিয়ালৰ অসমৰ দুখন ঐতিহাসিক আৰু প্ৰাকৃতিকভাৱে গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ ঠাইলৈ কৰা ভ্ৰমণৰ বৰ্ণনা দাঙি ধৰিছে। লোহিত আৰু ত্ৰিশা নামৰ দুজন ভাই-ভনীয়ে তেওঁলোকৰ মাক-দেউতাকৰ সৈতে প্ৰথমে বিশ্ববিখ্যাত কাজিৰঙা ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যানলৈ যায়। তাত তেওঁলোকে হাতীৰ পিঠিত উঠি বিশ্বৰ বিখ্যাত এশিঙীয়া গঁড়, বন্যপ্ৰাণী, বিভিন্ন গছ-গছনি আৰু চৰাই-চিৰিকটি প্ৰত্যক্ষ কৰে। তেওঁলোকে কাজিৰঙাৰ সংৰক্ষণৰ ইতিহাস, ইউনেস্ক’ৰ বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্য ক্ষেত্ৰৰ মৰ্যাদা আদিৰ বিষয়ে বহু কথা শিকিবলৈ পায়।
কাজিৰঙাৰ যাত্ৰাৰ পিছত পৰিয়ালটোৱে আহোম ৰাজত্বকালৰ ৰাজধানী শিৱসাগৰলৈ যাত্ৰা কৰে। তাত তেওঁলোকে একেটা শিলৰে ক্তি নিৰ্মিত নামদং শিলৰ দলং, বিশাল বৰপুখুৰী, শিৱদৌল, ৰংঘৰ (যিটো এক প্ৰাচীন এম্ফিথিয়েটাৰ আছিল), তলাতল ঘৰ আৰু আহোম স্বৰ্গদেউসকলৰ সমাধিস্থলী চাৰিদেউৰ মৈদাম আদি পৰিদৰ্শন কৰে। এই ভ্ৰমণটোৰ জৰিয়তে লোহিত আৰু ত্ৰিশাই অসমৰ চহকী ইতিহাস, গৌৰৱময় সংস্কৃতি আৰু প্ৰাকৃতিক সম্পদৰাজিৰ বিষয়ে ব্যৱহাৰিক জ্ঞান লাভ কৰে।
Think About the Text
1. Choose the right answer:
(i) When something is conserved, is it preserved / destroyed.
Ans: Preserved
(ii) Herbivorous animals eat flesh or grass.
Ans:- Grass
(iii) When you excavate, do you dig out / over up something.
Ans:- Dig out
(iv) When you visit a historical site, do you see new / old monuments.
Ans:- Old monuments
(v) When you play an indigenous game, is it a foreign / local game.
A: Local game
II. Answer these questions in one or two short sentences :
1. Why did the children wake up early in the morning?
Answer: The children woke up early because they were too excited about their trip to Sivasagar and Kaziranga to sleep. ( লোহিত আৰু ত্ৰিশাই শিৱসাগৰ আৰু কাজিৰঙালৈ যোৱাৰ আনন্দত পুৱাই সাৰপাইছিল কাৰণ সিহঁতৰ টোপনি অহা নাছিল।
2. Why is Assam unique?
Answer: Assam is unique because it has beautiful tea gardens, ancient temples, national parks, and historical monuments. ( অসম ব্যতিক্ৰমি কাৰণ ইয়াত সুন্দৰ চাহ বাগিচা, পুৰণি মন্দিৰ, ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান আৰু ঐতিহাসিক কীৰ্তিচিহ্ন আছে।)
3. What is a national park?
Answer: A national park is a protected area used for conservation purposes to protect rare wildlife and nature. ( ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান হ’ল বিৰল বন্যপ্ৰাণী আৰু প্ৰকৃতি সংৰক্ষণ কৰাৰ বাবে নিৰ্ধাৰিত এক সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল।)
4. When was Kaziranga designated a National Park?
Answer: Kaziranga was designated as a National Park in 1974. ( ১৯৭৪ চনত কাজিৰঙাক ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান হিচাপে ঘোষণা কৰা হৈছিল।)
5. What is the full form of the UNESCO?
Answer: The full form of UNESCO is United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation. ( ইউনেস্ক’ (UNESCO)-ৰ সম্পূৰ্ণ ৰূপটো হ’ল— ইউনাইটেড নেচনছ এডুকেচনেল, চাইন্টিফিক এণ্ড কালচাৰেল অৰ্গেনাইজেচন।)
6. Why was Kaziranga Game Sanctuary renamed Kaziranga Wild Life Sanctuary?
Answer: It was renamed because ‘game’ meant animals hunted for sport, which is not a suitable name for a park meant to conserve animals. ( ইয়াক সলনি কৰা হৈছিল কাৰণ ‘গেম’ শব্দটোৱে খেল বা খাদ্যৰ বাবে চিকাৰ কৰা প্ৰাণীক বুজায়, যিটো জন্তু সংৰক্ষণ কৰা উদ্যানৰ বাবে সঠিক নাম নহয়।)
7. What does the rhinoceros eat?
Answer: The rhinoceros is a herbivorous animal, so it eats grasses, leaves, fruits, water plants, and branches of shrubs. ( গঁড় হৈছে তৃণভোজী প্ৰাণী, সেয়েহে সিহঁতে ঘাঁহ, পাত, ফল-মূল, জলজ উদ্ভিদ আৰু জোপোহা গছৰ ডাল খায়।)
8. “On their way to Sivasagar, they crossed a stone bridge.” What is the name of this bridge?
Answer: The name of the stone bridge is the Namdang Stone Bridge (Silor Saaku). ( শিলৰ দলংখনৰ নাম হ’ল নামদাং শিলৰ দলং বা শিলৰ সাঁকো।
9. Name the three temples on the bank of the Sivasagar tank.
Answer: The three temples are Shiva Dol, Vishnu Dol, and Devi Dol. ( বৰপুখুৰীৰ পাৰত থকা তিনিটা মন্দিৰ হ’ল— শিৱদৌল, বিষ্ণুদৌল আৰু দেৱী দৌল।)
10. Who built the Rang-ghar?
Answer: The Rang-ghar was built by King Pramatta Singha. ( ৰংঘৰটো স্বৰ্গদেউ প্ৰমত্ত সিংহই নিৰ্মাণ কৰিছিল।)
III. Fill in the blanks:
1. Well, in 1904 ______ visited Kaziranga.
Answer: Mary Curzon
2. The Namdang Stone Bridge was built by the Ahom king ______.
Answer: Rudra Singha
3. Siu-Ka-Pha made ______ his first capital.
Answer: Charaideo
IV. Answer these questions in a short paragraph:
1. Write briefly the history of Kaziranga as a protected area.
Answer: The history of Kaziranga as a protected area began in 1904 when Mary Curzon, the wife of the Viceroy of India Lord Curzon, visited the region. After learning that it was famous for rhinoceroses but failing to spot a single one, she persuaded her husband to take urgent steps to protect the dwindling rhino population. Consequently, the Kaziranga Proposed Reserve Forest was created in 1905. Over the years, it was renamed the Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary in 1950, declared a National Park in 1974, and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
(কাজিৰঙা সংৰক্ষিত অঞ্চল হিচাপে গঢ়ি উঠাৰ ইতিহাস ১৯০৪ চনত আৰম্ভ হৈছিল, যি সময়ত ভাৰতৰ ভাইচৰয় লৰ্ড কাৰ্জনৰ পত্নী মেৰী কাৰ্জনে এই অঞ্চল পৰিদৰ্শন কৰিছিল। এন্দুৰীয়া গঁড়ৰ বাবে এই ঠাই বিখ্যাত বুলি জনাৰ পিছতো এটা গঁড়িও দেখা নাপাই, তেওঁ স্বামীক হ্ৰাস পাই অহা গঁড়ৰ জনসংখ্যা সুৰক্ষিত কৰাৰ বাবে জৰুৰী পদক্ষেপ ল’বলৈ প্ৰেৰণা যোগাইছিল। ফলস্বৰূপে, ১৯০৫ চনত কাৰজিৰঙা প্ৰস্তাৱিত সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল সৃষ্টি কৰা হয়। বছৰজুৰি ইয়াৰ নাম সলনি কৰি ১৯৫০ চনত কাজিৰঙা অভয়াৰণ্য, ১৯৭৪ চনত ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান আৰু ১৯৮৫ চনত ইউনেস্কোৰ বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্য ক্ষেত্ৰ হিচাপে স্বীকৃতি দিয়া হয়।)
2. Write a short note on Talatal Ghar.
Answer: Talatal Ghar is a historic royal palace and military base located in Sivasagar, Assam, built during the Ahom dynasty. Known for its unique architecture, it features multiple underground floors (tunnels) that were designed as secret escape routes and troop movements during times of war. It stands as a remarkable example of Ahom engineering and architectural skill.
(তালাতল ঘৰ অসমৰ শিৱসাগৰত অৱস্থিত আহোম বংশৰ দিনত নিৰ্মিত এটা ঐতিহাসিক ৰাজপ্ৰসাদ তথা সামৰিক ঘাটি। ইয়াৰ ব্যতিক্ৰমি স্থাপত্যৰ বাবে পৰিচিত, ইয়াত যুদ্ধৰ সময়ত গোপন পলায়ন পথ আৰু সেনাৰ চলাচলৰ বাবে ডিজাইন কৰা কেইবাটাও ভূগৰ্ভস্থ মহলা (সুৰঙ্গ) আছে। ই আহোমৰ অভিযান্ত্ৰিক আৰু স্থাপত্য দক্ষতাৰ এক অসাধাৰণ উদাহৰণ হিচাপে থিয় দিছে।)
3. Write a note on Charaideo Maidam.
Answer: Charaideo Maidam serves as the sacred burial grounds (mounds or vaults) for the kings and queens of the Ahom dynasty, often referred to as the “Pyramids of Assam.” Established by the first Ahom king Siu-Ka-Pha in 1253, Charaideo was also the very first capital of the Ahom kingdom. These vaulted mounds reflect the rich funerary traditions and architectural heritage of the Ahom rulers.
(চৰাইদেউ মৈদাম হৈছে আহোম ৰাজবংশৰ ৰজা আৰু ৰাণীসকলৰ পবিত্ৰ সমাধিক্ষেত্ৰ (মৈদাম বা ভল্ট), যাক প্রায়েই “অসমৰ পিৰামিড” বুলি কোৱা হয়। ১২৫৩ চনত প্ৰথম আহোম ৰজা চিউ-কা-ফাই প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰা চৰাইদেউ আহোম ৰাজ্যৰ প্ৰথম ৰাজধানীও আছিল। এই ভল্টযুক্ত মৈদামসমূহে আহোম শাসকসকলৰ চহকী অন্ত্যেষ্টিক্ৰিয়াৰ পৰম্পৰা আৰু স্থাপত্যৰ ঐতিহ্যক প্ৰতিফলিত কৰে।)
Think About the Language
I. Change the following sentences from direct to indirect speech:
(নিৰ্দেশবাচক বা প্ৰত্যক্ষ উক্তিৰ পৰা পৰোক্ষ উক্তিলৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰা নিয়ম আৰু সমাধান)
- “Do you know Kaziranga is a World Heritage Site?” their father said.
Ans:- Their father asked them if they knew Kaziranga was a World Heritage Site.
ব্যাখ্যা: প্ৰশ্নসূচক বাক্য (Interrogative Sentence) হ’লে reporting verb টো asked লৈ সলনি হয় আৰু সংযোগক হিচাপে if বা whether ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়। বৰ্তমান কালৰ বাক্যটো অতীত কাললৈ সলনি হয় (know-ৰ ঠাইত knew হয়)।
- “On our way we can stay for a night at Kaziranga,” their mother suggested.
Ans: Their mother suggested that on their way they could stay for a night at Kaziranga.
ব্যাখ্যা: পৰামৰ্শ বুজোৱা বাক্যত suggested ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় আৰু that সংযোগক যোগ কৰি can-ক could লৈ সলনি কৰা হয়।
3. “Can we go to see the rhino now?” Lohit asked.
Ans:-Lohit asked if they could go to see the rhino then.
ব্যাখ্যা: ইয়াত প্ৰশ্ন সোধা বাবে asked ব্যৱহাৰ হৈছে, can-ৰ পৰিৱর্তে could হৈছে আৰু now শব্দটো পৰোক্ষ উক্তিত then লৈ সলনি হৈছে।
4.”I wish there was really a sagar here!” Lohit said.
Ans:- Lohit wished that there had really been a sagar there.
ব্যাখ্যা: ইচ্ছা প্ৰকাশ কৰা বাক্যত (Exclamatory/Wish) wished ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয় আৰু স্থানসূচক here শব্দটো পৰোক্ষ উক্তিত there লৈ সলনি হয়।
II. Choose the words from the brackets that can be substituted for the italicised words:
(বন্ধনীৰ ভিতৰত দিয়া কোনটো শব্দে বাকচৰ ইটালিক কৰা বা গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ শব্দটোৰ সমাৰ্থক হিচাপে কাম কৰিব, তাক বাছি উলিওৱা)
- They checked in at a hotel that had a large compound. (registered, corrected)
- Answer: registered
- অসমীয়া ব্যাখ্যা: ‘Checked in’ (হোটেলত নাম পঞ্জীয়ন কৰি সোমোৱা) বুজাবলৈ সঠিক শব্দটো হ’ল registered (পঞ্জীভুক্ত কৰা)।
- She requested her husband to take measures immediately to protect the rhinos. (take steps, calculate)
- Answer: take steps
- অসমীয়া ব্যাখ্যা: ‘Take measures’ (ব্যৱস্থা গ্ৰহণ কৰা) ৰ সমাৰ্থক হ’ল take steps (পদক্ষেপ লোৱা)।
- Further in, they spotted a deer. (dotted, saw)
- Answer: saw
- অসমীয়া ব্যাখ্যা: ‘Spotted’ (হঠাতে দেখা পোৱা) শব্দটোৰ সলনি saw (দেখা পালে) ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব পাৰি।
- In the heart of the town was the Sivasagar tank. (centre of, mind of)
- Answer: centre of
- অসমীয়া ব্যাখ্যা: চহৰখনৰ মাজমজিয়াক বুজাবলৈ ‘heart’ ৰ সলনি centre of (মাজভাগত) ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
- The maidams have tomb vaults just like the pyramids in Egypt. (burial chambers, jumps)
- Answer: burial chambers
- অসমীয়া ব্যাখ্যা: কবৰৰ কোঠা বা সমাধি গৃহ বুজাবলৈ ‘vaults’-ৰ সলনি burial chambers ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
III. Verbs of reporting are used to order, report statements, thoughts, intentions, questions, apologies, requests and so on.
Underline the verbs of reporting in the following sentences:
- Their father had explained to them, “This bridge is named after the Ahom General Kolia Bhomora Phukan.”
Ans:- Their father had explained to them, “This bridge is named after the Ahom General Kolia Bhomora Phukan.”
- “What’s there to see in Sivasagar? Let’s go to uncle’s house in Tezpur instead.” Lohit pleaded.
Ans: “What’s there to see in Sivasagar? Let’s go to uncle’s house in Tezpur instead.” Lohit pleaded.
- “On our way we can stay for a night at Kaziranga,” their mother suggested.
Ans: “On our way we can stay for a night at Kaziranga,” their mother suggested.
- “Can we go to see the rhino now?” Lohit asked.
Ans:- “Can we go to see the rhino now?” Lohit asked.
- “Look, look,” Lohit shouted excitedly, “there’s a rhino.”
Ans: “Look, look,” Lohit shouted excitedly, “there’s a rhino.”
- “Wow!” Trisha exclaimed, looking through the binocular. “There’s another rhino in the water.”
Ans:- “Wow!” Trisha exclaimed, looking through the binocular. “There’s another rhino in the water.”
7. “I will take you to Charaideo,” said their father.
Ans: “I will take you to Charaideo,” said their father.
Writing
I. Prepare a project on each of the following :
- Kaziranga National Park
Answer: Kaziranga National Park is a protected area in the Assam state of India, spread across the floodplains of the Brahmaputra River. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site globally renowned for hosting two-thirds of the world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses. The park is also designated as a Tiger Reserve and boasts high densities of tigers, elephants, wild water buffalo, and swamp deer, alongside a rich variety of migratory birds.( কাজিৰঙা ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান ভাৰতৰ অসম ৰাজ্যৰ ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদীৰ বানপ্ৰৱণ সমভূমিত বিস্তৃত হৈ থকা এটা সংৰক্ষিত অঞ্চল। বিশ্বৰ মুঠ দুই-তৃতীয়াংশ এশিঙীয়া গঁড়ৰ বাসস্থানৰ বাবে ই বিশ্বজুৰি বিখ্যাত আৰু ইউনেস্কোৰ এটা বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্য ক্ষেত্ৰ। এই উদ্যানখন ব্যাঘ্ৰ সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল হিচাপেও স্বীকৃতিপ্ৰাপ্ত আৰু ইয়াত বাঘ, হাতী, বন্য ম’হ আৰু চোৱাম হরিণৰ উচ্চ ঘনত্বৰ লগতে বিভিন্ন প্ৰকাৰৰ প্ৰব্ৰজনকাৰী চৰাই দেখা যায়।)
- The historical sites of Sivasagar
Answer : Sivasagar (formerly Rangpur) served as the capital of the Ahom Kingdom for over a century between the 17th and 18th centuries. Key historical landmarks include the Sivasagar Sivadol (one of the tallest Shiva temples), the Rang Ghar (one of the oldest surviving amphitheaters in Asia), the Talatal Ghar (a massive multi-story Ahom royal palace with underground tunnels), and Joysagar tank, the largest man-made lake in India.( ১৭ আৰু ১৮ শতিকাৰ মাজভাগত শিমূলাৰ (পূৰ্বতে ৰংপুৰ) এশ বছৰতকৈও অধিক সময় ধৰি আহোম ৰাজ্যৰ ৰাজধানী হিচাপে কাৰ্যনিৰ্বাহ কৰিছিল। ইয়াৰ মুখ্য ঐতিহাসিক স্মৃতিচিহ্নসমূহৰ ভিতৰত শিৱসাগৰ শিৱদৌল (স সৰ্বোচ্চ শিৱ মন্দিৰসমূহৰ অন্যতম), ৰংঘৰ (এছিয়াৰ অন্যতম পুৰণি সজীৱ এম্ফিথিয়েটাৰ), তলাতল ঘৰ (ভূগৰ্ভস্থ সুৰংগযুক্ত এক বিশাল বহুস্তৰীয় আহোম ৰাজপ্ৰসাদ), আৰু জয়সাগৰ পুখুৰী (ভাৰতৰ সৰ্ববৃহৎ মানৱসৃষ্ট হ্ৰদ) অন্তৰ্ভুক্ত।)
II. Collect information about the following and discuss in groups :
- Manas National Park
Answer : Group Discussion Points: Manas National Park is a national park, UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, a Project Tiger reserve, an elephant reserve, and a biosphere reserve located in the Himalayan foothills in Assam. It is famous for its rare and endangered endemic wildlife such as the pygmy hog, golden langur, hispid hare, and wild water buffalo, characterized by its unique combination of grassland and deciduous forest biomes.( মানস ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান হৈছে অসমৰ হিমালয়ৰ পাদদেশত অৱস্থিত এখন ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান, ইউনেস্কোৰ প্ৰাকৃতিক বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্য ক্ষেত্ৰ, প্ৰজেক্ট টাইগাৰ সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল, হাতী সংৰক্ষিত বনাঞ্চল আৰু বায়’স্ফিয়াৰ ৰিডাৰ্ভ। ঘাঘৰী/ঘাঁহনি আৰু পৰ্ণপায়ী অৰণ্যৰ অনন্য সংমিশ্ৰণৰ বাবে জনাজাত এই উদ্যানখন পিগ্মী হগ (নল-গাহৰি), সোণালী বান্দৰ, হিছপিড হেয়াৰ (খাাগৰী কাটা পহু/অসমীয়া খৰগোছ) আৰু বনৰীয়া ম’হৰ দৰে বিৰল তথা বিলুপ্তপ্ৰায় স্থানীয় বন্যপ্ৰাণীৰ বাবে প্ৰসিদ্ধ।)
- Dibru Saikhowa National Park
Answer : Group Discussion Points: Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is located in the Tinsukia and Dibrugarh districts of Assam, bounded by the Brahmaputra and Lohit rivers to the north and the Dibru river to the south. It is one of the largest swamp forests in northeastern India, known for its semi-evergreen forests, deciduous forests, grasslands, and wetlands, providing a critical habitat for feral horses, white-winged wood ducks, and a wide variety of migratory birds.( ডিব্ৰু-ছৈখোৱা ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান অসমৰ তিনিচুকীয়া আৰু ডিব্ৰুগড় জিলাত অৱস্থিত। ইয়াৰ উত্তৰে ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ আৰু লোহিত নদী তথা দক্ষিণে ডিব্ৰু নদীৰে আগুৰি আছে। উত্তৰ-পূব ভাৰতৰ অন্যতম বৃহৎ জলাশয় অৰণ্য (swamp forest) হিচাপে পৰিচিত এই উদ্যানখন অৰ্ধ-চিৰসেউজ অৰণ্য, পৰ্ণপায়ী অৰণ্য, বনভূমি আৰু জলাশয়ৰ বাবে জনাজাত, যিয়ে বনৰীয়া ঘোঁৰা (feral horses), দেউহাঁহ (white-winged wood duck) আৰু বিভিন্ন প্ৰকাৰৰ প্ৰব্ৰজনকাৰী চৰাইৰ বাবে এক গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ বাসস্থান প্ৰদান কৰে।)
- Nameri National Park
Answer : Group Discussion Points: Nameri National Park is situated in the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas in the Sonitpur district of Assam, sharing its northern boundary with the Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary of Arunachal Pradesh. The Jia Bhoroli River flows through the park, which is well-known for its elephant population, tigers, leopards, sambar, barking deer, and as a prime habitat for the endangered white-winged wood duck and golden mahseer fish. (নামেৰি ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান অসমৰ শোণিতপুৰ জিলাত পূৱ হিমালয়ৰ পাদদেশত অৱস্থিত, যাৰ উত্তৰ সীমা অৰুণাচল প্ৰদেশৰ পাখুই বন্যপ্ৰাণী অভয়াৰণ্যৰ সৈতে সংলগ্ন হৈ আছে। জিয়া ভৰলী নদী এই উদ্যানখনৰ মাজেৰে বৈ গৈছে, যিখন হাতীৰ জনসংখ্যা, বাঘ, নাহৰফুটুকী বাঘ, শৰপহু (sambar), খটখটী পহু (barking deer) আৰু বিলুপ্তপ্ৰায় দেউহাঁহ (white-winged wood duck) তথা সোণালী মহাশিৰ (golden mahseer) মাছৰ বাবে এক প্ৰধান বাসস্থান হিচাপে জনাজাত।)
- Orang National Park.
Answer : Group Discussion Points: Orang National Park (also known as Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park) is located on the northern bank of the Brahmaputra River in the Darrang and Sonitpur districts of Assam. Often referred to as a “mini Kaziranga” due to its similar marshy landscape, streams, and grasslands, it is an important sanctuary for the great Indian one-horned rhinoceros, pygmy hogs, elephants, wild boars, and numerous water birds.
(ওৰাং ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান (যাক ৰাজীৱ গান্ধী ওৰাং ৰাষ্ট্ৰীয় উদ্যান বুলিও জনা যায়) অসমৰ দৰং আৰু শোণিতপুৰ জিলাত ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদীৰ উত্তৰ পাৰত অৱস্থিত। একে ধৰণৰ জলাশয়, জান-জুৰি আৰু ঘাঁহনিৰ বাবে প্ৰায়ে “মিনি কাজিৰঙা” বুলি জনাজাত এই উদ্যানখন এশিঙীয়া গঁড়, নল-গাহৰি (pygmy hog), হাতী, বনৰীয়া গাহৰি আৰু অসংখ্য জলচৰ চৰাইৰ বাবে এক গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ অভয়াৰণ্য।)
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