Class VII / 7 ENGLISH

Lesson 1 Love of Animals

Word Meaning

  1. Activist – সক্ৰিয় কৰ্মী / আন্দোলনকাৰী
  2. Administer – পৰিচালনা কৰা / প্ৰদান কৰা
  3. Adopt – তুলি লোৱা / গ্ৰহণ কৰা
  4. Ant – পৰুৱা
  5. Assistance – সহায় / সহযোগিতা
  6. Awareness – সজাগতা
  7. Because – কাৰণ
  8. Bee – মৌমাখি
  9. Bone – হাড়
  10. Calamities – দুৰ্যোগ / বিপদ
  11. Calm – শান্ত
  12. Calves – গৰুৰ পোৱালি (দামুৰি)
  13. Campaign – অভিযান / প্ৰচাৰ
  14. Caring – যত্নশীল
  15. Carry – কঢ়িয়াই নিয়া
  16. Communicate – যোগাযোগ কৰা
  17. Construction – নিৰ্মাণ
  18. Convenient – সুবিধাজনক
  19. Creature – প্ৰাণী / জীৱ
  20. Disability – বিকলাঙ্গতা / অক্ষমতা
  21. Distressed – যন্ত্ৰণাত থকা / দুখিত
  22. Domestic – ঘৰচীয়া
  23. Donation – বৰঙণি / দান
  24. Donkey – গাধ
  25. Dove – কপৌ চৰাই
  26. Environment – পৰিৱেশ
  27. Equipment – সঁজুলি / সৰঞ্জাম
  28. Exhaustion – ভাগৰ / অৱসাদ
  29. Famous – বিখ্যাত
  30. Feed – আহাৰ খুওৱা
  31. Fend – আত্মৰক্ষা কৰা / পোহপাল দিয়া
  32. Financial – বিত্তীয় / আৰ্থিক
  33. Flock – জাক (চৰাই বা ভেড়াৰ)
  34. Formed – গঠিত
  35. Frequently – ঘনাই / সঘনাই
  36. Grain – শস্য / দানা
  37. Grief-stricken – শোকাকুল
  38. Impressive – আকৰ্ষণীয় / প্ৰভাৱশালী
  39. Injury – আঘাত / জখম
  40. Kitten – মেকুৰী পোৱালি
  41. Maintenance – চোৱাচিতা / ৰক্ষণাবেক্ষণ
  42. Mud – বোকা
  43. Nature – প্ৰকৃতি
  44. Organization – সংস্থা / সংগঠন
  45. Painful – বেদনাদায়ক / যন্ত্ৰণাদায়ক
  46. Particularly – বিশেষকৈ
  47. Passionate – উৎসাহী / আবেগিক
  48. Places – ঠাইবোৰ
  49. Praiseworthy – প্ৰশংসনীয়
  50. Puppy – কুকুৰ পোৱালি
  51. Quench – পিয়াহ পলুওৱা / নিৰ্বাপিত কৰা
  52. Rehabilitation – পুনৰ্সংস্থাপন
  53. Rescue – উদ্ধাৰ কৰা
  54. Respond – সঁহাৰি দিয়া
  55. Rooftop – ঘৰৰ চাল
  56. Safer – অধিক সুৰক্ষিত
  57. Search – বিচাৰ কৰা / সন্ধান
  58. Separated – পৃথক হোৱা / বিয়পা
  59. Shelter – আশ্ৰয়
  60. Sources – উৎসসমূহ
  61. Sparrow – ঘৰচিৰিকা
  62. Staggering – আচৰিত কৰা / কঁপনি উঠা
  63. Stray – বাটৰ / আশ্ৰয়হীন (পশু)
  64. Street – ৰাস্তা / পথ
  65. Suffer – কষ্ট পোৱা / ভোগা
  66. Summer – গ্ৰীষ্মকাল
  67. Thirst – পিয়াহ
  68. Threat – ভাবুকি
  69. Train – প্ৰশিক্ষণ দিয়া
  70. Trapped – আৱদ্ধ হোৱা / ফান্দত পৰা
  71. Trough – চৰু / দানা খোৱা পাত্ৰ
  72. Understand – বুজি পোৱা
  73. Various – বিভিন্ন
  74. Veterinary – পশু চিকিৎসা সম্বন্ধীয়
  75. Vets – পশু চিকিৎসক
  76. Volunteers – স্বেচ্ছাসেৱক
  77. Wasp – বৰল
  78. Whenever – যেতিয়াই
  79. Whimpering – কেঁকাই থকা
  80. Wound – আঘাত / ঘাঁ
  81. Worried – চিন্তিত
  82. Young – ডেকা / কম বয়সীয়া

Comprehension

1. Answer the following questions in complete Sentences.

a) Who formed ‘Animal Lovers’?

Answer:Barun formed ‘Animal Lovers’.

b) Who are the members of ‘Animal Lovers’?

Answer:Trained vets, animal activists, volunteers and children.

c) When is Barun grief-stricken?

Answer:Barun is grief-stricken when he sees animals in pain or trouble.

d) How does every member take care of street dogs?

Answer:They give food, water, and look after them.

e) What do they do during summer?

Answer:They keep water for animals and birds.

f) Which animals suffered during the flood?

Answer:Rhinos,deer,elephants and other animals suffered during the flood.

2) What animals have they adopted till now?

Answer:They have adopted dogs, cats, and birds.

3) How do volunteers take care of animals daily?

Answer:They feed them, give water, and help sick animals.

 4. Namethe animals which have the following cries.

bark → dog

chatter → monkey

coo → pigeon

roar → lion

trumpet → elephant

neigh → horse

mew → cat

croak → frog

howl → jackal

caw → crow

 5. Write Antonyms (বিপৰীত শব্দ) of the thefollowing .

love (প্ৰেম)→ hate (ঘৃণা)

old → young

heavy(গধুৰ) → light (পাতল)

wild(বনৰীয়া) → domestic (ঘৰচীয়া)

correct(শুদ্ধ) → wrong (অশুদ্ধ)

worst (আটাইতকৈ বেয়া) → best (আটাইতকৈ ভাল)

distressed (ব্যথিত)→ happy (সুখী)

inappropriately (অনুপষুক্ত ভাবে)→ properly (যথোপযুক্তভাৱে)

famous (জনাজাত) → unknown (অচিনাকি)

impressive (প্ৰভাৱশালী )→ unimpressive (প্ৰভাৱহীন)

praise (প্ৰশংসা কৰা)→ blame (দোষ ধৰা)

big → small

clean → dirty

protect (ৰক্ষা কৰা) → harm (আঘাত কৰা)

********END*********

Lesson 2 : The Quarrel

Word meaning in assamese

WordPronunciation (অসমীয়া উচ্চাৰণ)Meaning (অসমীয়া অৰ্থ)
Quarrelকুৱ’ৰেলকাজিয়া / ঝগড়া
Bornবৰ্ণজন্ম হোৱা
Authorঅ’থৰলেখক / লেখিকা
Storiesষ্ট’ৰিজগল্পবোৰ
Playপ্লেনাটক / খেল
Poetryপো’ইট্ৰিকবিতা
Poor eyesightপুৰ আইছাইটদুর্বল দৃষ্টি
Sufferছাফাৰকষ্ট পোৱা / ভুগা
Throughoutথ্ৰুআউটগোটেই সময় / সকলো ঠাইতে
Describeডিছ্ক্ৰাইববৰ্ণনা কৰা
Autobiographyঅ’টোবায়’গ্ৰাফিআত্মজীৱনী
Nurseryনাৰ্সাৰীশিশুশিক্ষা
Knowনোজানা
Aboutএবাউটবিষয়ে / সম্পৰ্কে
Ledলেডলৈ গ’ল / কাৰণ হ’ল
Anotherআনাদাৰআন এটা
Slightস্লাইটসৰু / গুৰুত্বহীন
Hateহেটঘৃণা কৰা
Turnটাৰ্নপৰিবৰ্তন হোৱা
Suddenlyছাডেনলিহঠাতে
Thumpedথাম্প্টজোৰেৰে থাপ মৰা
Gloomyগ্লুমিঅন্ধকাৰময় / দুখজনক
Pattedপেটেডআলফুলকৈ থাপ মৰা
Patch upপেচ আপমিলাপ কৰা
Amicableএমিকেবলবন্ধুত্বপূর্ণ / শান্তিপূৰ্ণ
Faultফল্টভুল / দোষ

COMPREHENSION

1. Answer the following questions:

i) Who is the poet of the poem ‘The Quarrel’?
Ans:- The poet is Eleanor Farjeon.

ii) Whom did the sister quarrel with?
Ans:-She quarrelled with her brother.

iii) What was the reason (কাৰণ) of the quarrel?
Ans:-She did not know the reason.

iv) What did the brother say at first?
Ans:-He said that he was right.

v) Why did the brother say that the afternoon(আবেলি)  turned black?
Ans:-Because they were angry and unhappy after the quarrel.

vi) How did the quarrel come to an end?
Ans:-The brother made peace and said sorry, so the quarrel ended.

vii) Find out some rhyming words from the poem.

 brother – another
 about – out
 strong – wrong
 back – black

2. Write  Summary of the poem “The Quarrel”

Ans:-The poem is about a quarrel between a brother and a sister. They do not even know why they started fighting. A small matter becomes a big fight, and both feel angry and unhappy. But in the end, the brother makes peace and admits his mistake. They become friends again.

Message: Small fights should be ended quickly with love and understanding.

3.  Write few lines about the poet of the poem “The quarrel”.

Ans:-Eleanor Farjeon was a British poet and writer. She wrote many poems and stories for children. Her writing is simple, sweet, and easy to understand. She often wrote about everyday life and feelings.

***********END*******

Lesson 3 : The Adventure of Tom Sawyer

Word Meaning

English WordAssamese Meaning
get hold ofযোগাৰ কৰা / বিচাৰি উলিওৱা
dippedডুবাই দিছিল
absorbedমগ্ন হৈ থকা / গভীৰভাৱে ব্যস্ত
pleadedঅনুনয়-বিনয় কৰিছিল / কাকূতি কৰিছিল
soldierসৈনিক / চিপাহী
mischiefদুষ্টামি / চৰম বদমাচি
fetchগৈ লৈ অহা (যেনে- পানী অনা)
teasedজোকাইছিল / জোকাই আমনি দিছিল
enthusiasmউৎসাহ / উদ্দীপনা
tadpolesভেকুলীৰ পোৱালি (বেঙুনী)
whirled aroundঘূৰি পকিছিল / পাক খাইছিল
conclusionসিদ্ধান্ত / সামৰণি
jealousইৰ্ষা / চকুচৰহা
comfortablyআৰামত / সহজতে
firecrackersফটকা
idlyঅলসভাৱে / বহি থাকি
flew downউৰি তললৈ নামি আহিছিল
enjoyableউপভোগ্য / আমোদজনক
munching onচোবাই থকা (শব্দ কৰি খোৱা)
whitewashচূণ-তেল সনা / বগা ৰং কৰা
pretendedভাও ধৰিছিল / মিছাকৈ দেখুৱাইছিল
temptedপ্ৰলোভিত হৈছিল / লোভ লাগিছিল
collectedসংগ্ৰহ কৰিছিল / গোটাইছিল

Comprehension:

1. Answer the following in complete sentences:

a) Who was searching(বিচাৰি ফুৰা) for Tom?

Ans:-Aunt Polly was searching for Tom.

b) What was Tom ordered(আদেশ দিয়া হৈছিল) to do(কৰা) on that Saturday?

Ans:-Tom was ordered to whitewash(বগা ৰং কৰা)  the fence (বেৰ).

c) Who worked for Aunt Polly?

Ans:-Jim, a small boy, worked for Aunt Polly.

d) What was Ben doing when Tom saw him?

Ans:-Ben was eating an apple and coming up the road.

e) How did Tom react on seeing Ben?

Ans:-Tom ignored Ben and pretended (অভিনয় কৰিছিল) to be very focused on his work.

f) What was Ben tempted(প্ৰলোভিত) for?

Ans:-Ben was tempted to try whitewashing the fence himself.

g) What did he give Tom in return?

Ans:- He gave Tom his apple in return for the chance to paint.

2. How did Tom start his work?

Ans:-Tom dipped his brush into the whitewash and passed it along the top plank of the fence.

3. What did Tom collect at the end of the day?

Ans:-Tom collected many treasures(ধন-সম্পত্তি), such as marbles,firecrakers,a kite, tadpoles, kitten and a tin soldier etc.

4. Write whether the following statements are True or False:

a) Jim came with a bag.

Ans:-False (He came with a bucket).

b) Tom said that it was very enjoyable to whitewash the fence.

Ans:-True.

c) Billy Fisher gave Tom a kite.

Ans:-True.

d) At the end of the day the fence had been whitewashed twice.

Ans:-False (It was whitewashed three times).

6. Frame sentences of your own:

get hold of(যোগাৰ কৰা/ধৰা/যোগাযোগ কৰা): I managed to get hold of a rare storybook yesterday.

catch hold of(থাপ মাৰি ধৰা /খামুচি ধৰা): The boy ran to catch hold of the flying balloon.

fly down(উৰি তললৈ নামি অহা): I saw a beautiful bird fly down from the tree.

come up(ওচৰলৈ অহা / মনলৈ অহা): A new idea started to come up in his mind.

search for(বিচাৰি থকা / সন্ধান কৰা): I need to search for my lost pen.

******END*******

Lesson 3 : The Adventure of Tom Sawyer

Word Meaning

English WordAssamese Meaning
get hold ofযোগাৰ কৰা / বিচাৰি উলিওৱা
dippedডুবাই দিছিল
absorbedমগ্ন হৈ থকা / গভীৰভাৱে ব্যস্ত
pleadedঅনুনয়-বিনয় কৰিছিল / কাকূতি কৰিছিল
soldierসৈনিক / চিপাহী
mischiefদুষ্টামি / চৰম বদমাচি
fetchগৈ লৈ অহা (যেনে- পানী অনা)
teasedজোকাইছিল / জোকাই আমনি দিছিল
enthusiasmউৎসাহ / উদ্দীপনা
tadpolesভেকুলীৰ পোৱালি (বেঙুনী)
whirled aroundঘূৰি পকিছিল / পাক খাইছিল
conclusionসিদ্ধান্ত / সামৰণি
jealousইৰ্ষা / চকুচৰহা
comfortablyআৰামত / সহজতে
firecrackersফটকা
idlyঅলসভাৱে / বহি থাকি
flew downউৰি তললৈ নামি আহিছিল
enjoyableউপভোগ্য / আমোদজনক
munching onচোবাই থকা (শব্দ কৰি খোৱা)
whitewashচূণ-তেল সনা / বগা ৰং কৰা
pretendedভাও ধৰিছিল / মিছাকৈ দেখুৱাইছিল
temptedপ্ৰলোভিত হৈছিল / লোভ লাগিছিল
collectedসংগ্ৰহ কৰিছিল / গোটাইছিল

Comprehension:

1. Answer the following in complete sentences:

a) Who was searching(বিচাৰি ফুৰা) for Tom?

Ans:-Aunt Polly was searching for Tom.

b) What was Tom ordered(আদেশ দিয়া হৈছিল) to do(কৰা) on that Saturday?

Ans:-Tom was ordered to whitewash(বগা ৰং কৰা)  the fence (বেৰ).

c) Who worked for Aunt Polly?

Ans:-Jim, a small boy, worked for Aunt Polly.

d) What was Ben doing when Tom saw him?

Ans:-Ben was eating an apple and coming up the road.

e) How did Tom react on seeing Ben?

Ans:-Tom ignored Ben and pretended (অভিনয় কৰিছিল) to be very focused on his work.

f) What was Ben tempted(প্ৰলোভিত) for?

Ans:-Ben was tempted to try whitewashing the fence himself.

g) What did he give Tom in return?

Ans:- He gave Tom his apple in return for the chance to paint.

2. How did Tom start his work?

Ans:-Tom dipped his brush into the whitewash and passed it along the top plank of the fence.

3. What did Tom collect at the end of the day?

Ans:-Tom collected many treasures(ধন-সম্পত্তি), such as marbles,firecrakers,a kite, tadpoles, kitten and a tin soldier etc.

4. Write whether the following statements are True or False:

a) Jim came with a bag.

Ans:-False (He came with a bucket).

b) Tom said that it was very enjoyable to whitewash the fence.

Ans:-True.

c) Billy Fisher gave Tom a kite.

Ans:-True.

d) At the end of the day the fence had been whitewashed twice.

Ans:-False (It was whitewashed three times).

6. Frame sentences of your own:

get hold of(যোগাৰ কৰা/ধৰা/যোগাযোগ কৰা): I managed to get hold of a rare storybook yesterday.

catch hold of(থাপ মাৰি ধৰা /খামুচি ধৰা): The boy ran to catch hold of the flying balloon.

fly down(উৰি তললৈ নামি অহা): I saw a beautiful bird fly down from the tree.

come up(ওচৰলৈ অহা / মনলৈ অহা): A new idea started to come up in his mind.

search for(বিচাৰি থকা / সন্ধান কৰা): I need to search for my lost pen.

******END*****

Lesson 5: The Drum

Word Meaning

  1. Afford – ক্ৰয় কৰিব পৰা সামৰ্থ্য থকা
  2. Amiable – মৰমীয়াল
  3. Auspicious – শুভ
  4. Bridegroom – দৰা
  5. Cow dung cake – গোবৰৰ পিঠা
  6. Dusk – গধূলি
  7. Expenditure – খৰচ
  8. Grains – শস্যৰ দানা
  9. Grateful – কৃতজ্ঞ
  10. Gratitude – কৃতজ্ঞতা
  11. Ground – গুড়ি কৰা
  12. Household – ঘৰুৱা
  13. Hurriedly – খৰখেদাকৈ
  14. Lit – জ্বলালে
  15. Livelihood – জীৱিকা
  16. Mounted – ওপৰত উঠিল
  17. Nodded – মূৰ দুপিয়ালে
  18. Patted – পিঠি থপৰিয়ালে
  19. Pity – দয়া
  20. Possessions – নিজৰ হাতত থকা বস্তু
  21. Potter – কুমাৰ
  22. Quarrelling –কাজিয়া কৰা
  23. Snatched – কাঢ়ি নিলে
  24. Token – স্মৃতিচিহ্ন
  25. Washerman – ধোবা

COMPREHENSION

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

a) Where did Lakshmi live?

Ans: Lakshmi lived with her only son in a small village in Rajasthan.

b) What did Lakshmi do to earn her living?

Ans: Lakshmi ground grains for people in the village to earn her living.

c) What did her son ask her to bring from the market?

Ans: Her son asked her to bring a drum from the market.

d) What did Lakshmi buy in the market?

Ans: Lakshmi bought some necessary things like flour and salt from the market.

e) What did she bring for her son instead of a drum?

Ans: She brought two nice pieces of wood for her son instead of a drum.

f) Why was the potter’s child crying?

Ans: The potter’s child was crying because he was hungry.

g) To whom did the boy give the shawl?

Ans: The boy gave the shawl to a man who was shivering with cold on a bridge.

2. Who were quarrelling and why?

Ans: A washerman and his wife were quarrelling because the wife had accidentally broken the only pot that the washerman used to boil clothes.

3. Why did the people of the wedding party look sad?

Ans: The people of the wedding party looked sad because the bridegroom had no horse to ride on for the procession.

4. Choose the correct options from the brackets and rewrite the sentences:

a) Her parents seemed very amiable.

Ans: Her parents seemed very pleasant.

b) This book is necessary for science students.

Ans: This book is essential for science students.

c) Several people came forward with information.

Ans: Several people came forward to offer help (to offer one’s help) with information.

d) He smiled at them with gratitude.

Ans: He smiled at them with a feeling of being grateful.

e) Don’t sit outside shivering in such a weather.

Ans: Don’t sit outside shaking slightly because of cold in such a weather.

*****END*****

Lesson 6 : Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

Word Meaning

  1. Woods – অৰণ্য
  2. Village – গাঁও
  3. Snow – বৰফ
  4. Queer – অদ্ভুত
  5. Farmhouse – পামঘৰ
  6. Frozen – গোট মৰা
  7. Lake – বিল / হ্ৰদ
  8. Darkest – আটাইতকৈ আন্ধাৰ
  9. Harness – ঘোঁৰাৰ লেকাম
  10. Shake – লৰোৱা
  11. Bell – ঘণ্টা
  12. Mistake – ভুল / ক্ৰুটি
  13. Sweep – বতাহৰ গতি / বলা
  14. Downy –কোমল
  15. Flake – বৰফৰ টুকুৰা
  16. Lovely – ধুনীয়া
  17. Deep – গভীৰ
  18. Promise – প্ৰতিশ্ৰুতি

COMPREHENSION

  1. Answer the following questions-

i) Who is the poet of the poem ‘Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening’?

Ans: Robert Frost is the poet of the poem.

ii) Where has the speaker stopped?

Ans: The speaker has stopped between the woods and a frozen lake on a snowy evening.

iii) Why does the speaker stop?

Ans: The speaker stops to watch the beautiful woods fill up with snow.

iv) What sounds could the narrator hear?

Ans: The narrator could hear the sound of the harness bells shaking and the soft wind blowing through the falling snow.

v) What does the speaker mean by ‘promises’?

Ans: By ‘promises’, the speaker means the duties, responsibilities, and commitments he has to fulfil in his life.

vi) Where does the owner of the woods live?

Ans: The owner of the woods lives in the village.

vii) Find out some rhyming words from the poem.

Ans: Here are a few rhyming words from the poem:

  • know – though – snow
  • queer – near – year
  • lake – shake – mistake
  • deep – keep – sleep

**********END******

Lesson 7 : Marie Curie

Word Meaning

  1. Director – সঞ্চালক / পৰিচালক
  2. Gymnasium – ব্যায়ামাগাৰ (ইয়াত মাধ্যমিক বিদ্যালয় অৰ্থত ব্যৱহৃত)
  3. Underground / Clandestine – গোপন / গুপ্ত
  4. Higher education – উচ্চশিক্ষা
  5. Radium – ৰেডিয়াম (এক প্ৰকাৰৰ তেজষ্ক্ৰিয় ধাতু)
  6. Polonium – প’ল’নিয়াম (এক প্ৰকাৰৰ তেজষ্ক্ৰিয় মৌলিক পদাৰ্থ)
  7. Radioactivity – তেজষ্ক্ৰিয়তা
  8. Award – বঁটা / পুৰস্কাৰ
  9. Nobel Prize – নোবেল বঁটা
  10. Physics – পদাৰ্থ বিজ্ঞান
  11. Chemistry – ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান
  12. Biography – জীৱনী
  13. Laboratory – পৰীক্ষাগাৰ
  14. Succeed – উত্তৰাধিকাৰী হোৱা / স্থান গ্ৰহণ কৰা
  15. Native country – নিজৰ দেশ / জন্মভূমি
  16. Discovery – আৱিষ্কাৰ
  17. Devoted – উৎসৰ্গীকৃত / একনিষ্ঠ
  18. Prolonged – দীৰ্ঘম্যাদী / সুদীৰ্ঘ
  19. Illness – বেমাৰ / অসুস্থতা

COMPREHENSION

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

a) When and where was Marie Curie born?

Ans: Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw, Poland.

b) What was Marie Curie’s birth name?

Ans: Marie Curie’s birth name was Maria  SalomeaSklodowska.

c) What did Marie’s father teach?

Ans: Marie’s father taught mathematics and physics.

d) Where did Marie and her elder sister Bronislawa involve themselves for higher education?

Ans: Marie and her elder sister Bronislawa involved themselves in clandestine Flying University.

e) When and in which fields was Marie Curie awarded the Nobel Prize?

Ans: Marie Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and in Chemistry in 1911.

f) Name the biography of Marie Curie. Who wrote this biography?

Ans: The biography of Marie Curie is titled “Madame Curie”. It was written by her younger daughter, Eve Curie.

2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text:

a) Maria’s father was the director of two Warsaw gymnasiums for boys.

b) Maria studied physics, chemistry and mathematics at University of Paris.

c) Maria married Pierre Curie.

d) Marie succeeded her husband as the Head of the Physics Laboratory at the Sorbonne University.

e) Marie and her husband named Polonium after Marie’s native country, Poland.

3. Look at the following example and try to fill in the blanks:

Example: The people of Poland are called — the Polish

i) The people of England are called — the English

ii) The people of Ireland are called — the Irish

iii) The people of sweden are called —the Swedes

iv) The people of Great Britain are called —the British

*********

ACTIVITY 1:

use the following words as noun , verb, adjective and adverb in  your own sentences-

comfort, courage, honour, success

Ans:-

১. Adjective (বিশেষণ পদ)

সংজ্ঞা:যিবোৰ পদে কোনো Noun (বিশেষ্য) বা Pronoun (সৰ্বনাম)-ৰ গুণ, দোষ, সংখ্যা, পৰিমাণ বা অৱস্থা প্ৰকাশ কৰে, তাকেAdjectiveবাবিশেষণ पदবোলে।

২. Adverb (ক্ৰিয়া-বিশেষণ পদ)

সংজ্ঞা:যিবোৰ পদে কোনো Verb (ক্ৰিয়া), Adjective (বিশেষণ) বা আন কোনো Adverb-ৰ অৰ্থ বিশেষভাৱে প্ৰকাশ কৰে (অৰ্থাৎ কামটো কেনেকৈ, কেতিয়া, ক’ত বা কিমান পৰিমাণে হৈছে সেয়া বুজায়), তাকেAdverbবাক্ৰিয়া-বিশেষণ পদবোলে।

1. Comfort

  • Noun: The warm blanket gave me comfort.
  • Verb: I try to comfort my baby brother when he cries.
  • Adjective: This chair is very comfortable.
  • Adverb: The boy sat comfortably on the bed.

2. Courage

  • Noun: The boy showed great courage.
  • Verb:(Using “encourage”) Teachers encourage us to read.
  • Adjective: He is a courageous boy.
  • Adverb: The dog courageously barked at the thief.

3. Honour

  • Noun: It is an honour to meet you.
  • Verb: We should honour our parents.
  • Adjective: He is an honourable man.
  • Adverb: He acted honourably in the game.

4. Success

  • Noun: Hard work brings success.
  • Verb: You will succeed if you try.
  • Adjective: She is a successful student.
  • Adverb: He successfully passed the test.

Correlative Conjunctions (সহ-সংযোজক অব্যয়)-বোৰৰ অসমীয়া অৰ্থ আৰু সৰল বাক্যত প্রয়োগ তলত দিয়া হ’ল:

১. so ……. as

  • অৰ্থ:যেনেকুৱা ……. তেনেকুৱা (বা ইমান ……. যিমান)
  • Example: He is not so tall as his brother.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:তেওঁ ককায়েকৰ দৰে ইমান ওখ নহয়।

২. such ……. as

  • অৰ্থ:এনেকুৱা ……. যেনেকুৱা
  • Example: I like such books as teach good lessons.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:মই এনেকুৱা কিতাপ ভাল পাওঁ যিবোৰে ভাল শিক্ষা দিয়ে।

৩. whether ……. or

  • অৰ্থ:নতুবা / হয় ……. নহয়
  • Example: I don’t care whether you go or stay.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:তুমি যোৱাই বা থাকা, মই গুৰুত্ব নিদিওঁ।

৪. no sooner ……. than

  • অৰ্থ:হ’বলৈ নাপায়েই ……. হ’ল / লগে লগেই
  • Example:No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:মই ষ্টেচন পোৱাৰ লগে লগেই ৰে’লখন এৰি দিলে।

৫. hardly ……. when

  • অৰ্থ:যেনেতেনে ……. নৌহাৱোঁতেই / মাত্ৰ ……. যেতিয়া
  • Example: I had hardly stepped out when it started raining.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:মই বাহিৰলৈ ওলাইছিলোঁহে মাত্ৰ, বৰষুণ দিবলৈ ধৰিলে।

৬. scarcely ……. before

  • অৰ্থ:নহওঁতেই ……. হ’ল / নৌহাৱোঁতেই
  • Example: He had scarcely finished his work before the bell rang.
  • অসমীয়া অৰ্থ:তেওঁৰ কামটো শেষ হ’বলৈ নাপায়েই ঘণ্টা বাজিল।

Activity 2

Combine the following pairs of sentences using appropriate correlatives.

i) Leela is intelligent. Her sister is more intelligent than her.

Ans: Leela is not so intelligent as her sister.

ii) The police reached the place. The thief ran away.

Ans:No sooner had the police reached the place than the thief ran away.

iii) The Prime Minister entered the conference hall. The delegates stood up.

Ans:No sooner had the Prime Minister entered the conference hall than the delegates stood up.

iv) My mother finished cooking. The guests arrived.

Ans:Hardly had my mother finished cooking when the guests arrived.

v) He may come here tonight. I am not sure about it.

Ans: I am not sure whether he will come here tonight or not.

vi) The candidate was not smart. The interviewer thought him to be smart.

Ans: The candidate was not such as the interviewer thought him to be smart.

vii) The stranger arrived at the gate. The dog started barking.

Ans:No sooner had the stranger arrived at the gate than the dog started barking.

viii) She is very busy. I am not so busy.

Ans: I am not so busy as she is.

ix) The teacher asked the student a question. The student promptly answered.

Ans:No sooner had the teacher asked the student a question than the student promptly answered.

*****END*****

Lesson 8 : Antarctica

Word Meaning

বিঃদ্ৰঃ- তোমালোকে বহীত লিখোতে কেৱল শব্দ অৰ্থ লিখিলেই হ’ব । যেনে-

          Continent – মহাদেশ

কাষৰ বাক্যটো অৰ্থ ভালদৰে বুজিবলৈ দিয়া হৈছে , গতিকে পঢ়ি ছাবা কিন্তু নিলিখিলেও হ’ব ।

  1. Continent (মহাদেশ): ভূ-খণ্ডৰ প্ৰধান ডাঙৰ বিভাগসমূহ (যেনে: এছিয়া, আফ্ৰিকা, এণ্টাৰ্কটিকা)।
  2. Precipitation (অধঃক্ষেপণ / বৃষ্টিপাত): আকাশৰ পৰা মাটিৰ পিনে সৰি পৰা পানীৰ যিকোনো ৰূপ, যেনে বৰষুণ, বৰফ, বা শিলাবৃষ্টি।
  3. Inhabitants (অধিবাসী / বাসিন্দা): কোনো নির্দিষ্ট স্থানত বসবাস কৰা লোক বা প্ৰাণী।
  4. Evidence (প্ৰমাণ / সাক্ষ্য): কোনো কথা বা ধাৰণা সত্য নে অসত্য তাক প্ৰমাণ কৰা তথ্য বা তথ্যসমূহ।
  5. Invertebrate (অমেৰুদণ্ডী প্ৰাণী): যিবোৰ প্ৰাণীৰ পিঠিৰ ৰাজহাৰ বা মেৰুদণ্ড নাই (যেনে: পোক-পৰুৱা, কেঁচো)।
  6. Southernmost (একদম দক্ষিণতম): একেবাৰে দক্ষিণ দিশত অৱস্থিত।
  7. Horizon (দিগন্ত / দিগবলয়): আকাশ আৰু পৃথিৱী বা সাগৰ য’ত লগ লগা যেন দেখা যায়।
  8. Algae (ভেঁকুৰ সদৃশ শৈৱাল / শেলাই): পানীত গজা এবিধ সৰল উদ্ভিদ।
  9. Fossil (জীৱাশ্ম): শিলাখণ্ডৰ ভিতৰত আৱদ্ধ হৈ থকা বহু প্ৰাচীন কালৰ জীৱ-জন্তু বা উদ্ভিদৰ অৱশেষ।
  10. Unique (অনন্য / অদ্বিতীয়): যাৰ কোনো দ্বিতীয় তুলনা নাই; সুকীয়া বা অনন্য।
  11. Imaginary (কাল্পনিক): যাৰ বাস্তৱ অস্তিত্ব নাই; কেৱল কল্পনাত থকা।
  12. Temperature (উষ্ণতা / তাপমাত্রা): কোনো বস্তু বা স্থানৰ উত্তাপৰ পৰিমাণ বা ডিগ্ৰী।
  13. Fungi (ভেঁকুৰ): পচা জৈৱ পদাৰ্থত গজা এবিধ জীৱ (যেনে: কাঠফুলা, ম’ল্ড)।
  14. Peninsula (উপদ্বীপ): তিনিফালে পানীৰে আগুৰি থকা ডাঙৰ ভূ-খণ্ড।
  15. Landmass (বৃহৎ ভূ-খণ্ড): এটুকুৰা বৃহৎ আৰু বিস্তৃত মাটিৰ অংশ।
  16. Rainfall (বৰষুণৰ পৰিমাণ): কোনো নির্দিষ্ট স্থানত হোৱা বৰষুণৰ জোখ।
  17. Inhospitable (বসতিৰ অনুপযোগী / প্ৰতিকূল): জীয়াই থকা বা বসবাস কৰাৰ বাবে অতি কঠিন বা প্ৰতিকূল পৰিৱেশ।
  18. Nematodes (গোলোকা কৃমি): মাটি বা পানীত থকা অতি সূক্ষ্ম গোলকৃতি কৃমি।
  19. Pristine (প্ৰাকৃতিক / একদম নিৰ্মল): ইয়াৰ মূল অৱস্থাত থকা; একদম পৰিষ্কাৰ বা অবিকৃত।
  20. Inundate (প্লাবিত কৰা / বুৰাই পেলোৱা): পানীৰে সম্পূৰ্ণৰূপে ঢাকি পেলোৱা বা উতুৱাই লৈ যোৱা।
  21. Windiest (সৰ্বাধিক বতাহ অহা): য’ত আটাইতকৈ বেছি বতাহ বয়।
  22. Biodiversity (জৈৱ বৈচিত্ৰ্য): পৃথিৱীত বা কোনো নিৰ্দিষ্ট বাসস্থানত থকা বিভিন্ন ধৰণৰ জীৱ-জন্তু আৰু উদ্ভিদৰ সমাহাৰ।
  23. Treaty (চুক্তি / সন্ধি): দুখন বা তাতোধিক দেশৰ মাজত আনুষ্ঠানিকভাৱে হোৱা সন্মতি বা চুক্তি।
  24. Compost (জৈৱিক সাৰ): পচা গছ-পাছলি বা জাবৰ-জোঁথৰৰ পৰা প্ৰস্তুত কৰা সাৰ।
  25. Coastline (উপকূলৰেখা): সাগৰ বা মহাসাগৰৰ কাষৰীয় উপকূলীয় সীমা বা পাৰ।

Comprehension

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences.

a) How many continents are there on the earth? Write the names.

Answer: There are seven continents on the earth. Their names are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

b) Where is Antarctica?

Answer: Antarctica is located in the southernmost part of the earth, surrounding the South Pole.

c) What is a desert?

Answer: A desert is a barren, dry area of land where little to no precipitation occurs, making living conditions hostile(প্ৰতিকূল) for plant and animal life.

d) What are the most famous inhabitants of Antarctica?

Answer: Penguins are the most famous inhabitants of Antarctica.

e) What is precipitation?

Answer: Precipitation is any form of water, such as rain, snow etc that falls to the earth’s surface from the atmosphere.

f) What is the largest hot desert of the world?

Answer: The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world.

2. Write about the Antarctic Treaty.

Answer: The Antarctic Treaty is an international agreement signed in 1959 by twelve countries to ensure that Antarctica is used exclusively for peaceful and scientific purposes.

3. Arrange the order of the following words as you find them in a dictionary:(Words: continent, huddle, compost, evidence, inhospitable, circle, impact, escape, inhabitants, invertebrates)

  • Alphabetical Order:
    1. circle
    2. compost
    3. continent
    4. escape
    5. evidence
    6. huddle
    7. impact
    8. inhospitable
    9. inhabitants
    10. invertebrates

4. Now, write words which end in ‘-most’ for the following:

a) innermost : nearest to the centre or inside of something

b) outermost : situated at the farthest possible point from the centre

c) backmost : furthest back

d) topmost : highest in rank

e) almost : nearly

f) utmost : most extreme

g) leftmost : farthest to the left

h) foremost : the most important or famous / in a position at the front

*******END******

Revision Test 2

1. Comprehension

               i)

               ii)

এই কেইটাৰ উত্তৰ নিজে কৰিবা ।

2. Change the voice of the following:

The cat drank the glass of milk. My pet dog chased the cat. I was throwing some marbles at the dog in anger. But my father had rebuked me for this act. I love the cat very much and my sister likes the dog. My uncle loves birds. He bought some lovely birds last week. My aunt has already arranged a cage for the birds. The birds are fed white peas by me. I visited the zoo with my grandfather yesterday. I saw many animals and birds there. An elephant was eating banana leaves. Some big cages for the animals and birds were being repaired by some workers. I have visited this zoo many times with my grandfather. The activities of the monkeys were liked by me in the zoo yesterday. A beautiful children’s park has also been built near the entrance of the zoo. The zoo authority warns the visitors not to litter around. They also prohibit visitors from feeding the animals and birds. Many posters are hung all around the zoo with these warnings. My grandfather always advises me not to disturb the animals and birds by our activities.

Ans:-

  Original Active: The glass of milk was drunk by the cat.

Original text: “The cat drank the glass of milk.”

Passive: The glass of milk was drunk by the cat.

  Original Active: My pet dog chased the cat.

Passive: The cat was chased by my pet dog.

  Original Active: I was throwing some marbles at the dog in anger.

Passive: Some marbles were being thrown at the dog by me in anger.

  Original Active: But my father had rebuked me for this act.

Passive: But I had been rebuked by my father for this act.

  Original Active: I love the cat very much…

Passive: The cat is loved very much by me…

  Original Active: …and my sister likes the dog.

Passive: …and the dog is liked by my sister.

  Original Active: My uncle loves birds.

Passive: Birds are loved by my uncle.

  Original Active: He bought some lovely birds last week.

Passive: Some lovely birds were bought by him last week.

  Original Active: My aunt has already arranged a cage for the birds.

Passive: A cage for the birds has already been arranged by my aunt. (or A cage has already been arranged for the birds by my aunt.)

  Original Passive: The birds are fed white peas by me.

Active: I feed white peas to the birds. (or I feed the birds white peas.)

  Original Active: I visited the zoo with my grandfather yesterday.

Passive: The zoo was visited by me with my grandfather yesterday.

  Original Active: I saw many animals and birds there.

Passive: Many animals and birds were seen by me there.

  Original Active: An elephant was eating banana leaves.

Passive: Banana leaves were being eaten by an elephant.

  Original Passive: Some big cages for the animals and birds were being repaired by some workers.

Active: Some workers were repairing some big cages for the animals and birds.

  Original Active: I have visited this zoo many times with my grandfather.

Passive: This zoo has been visited by me many times with my grandfather.

  Original Passive: The activities of the monkeys were liked by me in the zoo yesterday.

Active: I liked the activities of the monkeys in the zoo yesterday.

  Original Passive: A beautiful children’s park has also been built near the entrance of the zoo.

Active: They (or The authorities) have also built a beautiful children’s park near the entrance of the zoo.

  Original Active: The zoo authority warns the visitors not to litter around.

Passive: The visitors are warned by the zoo authority not to litter around.

  Original Active: They also prohibit visitors from feeding the animals and birds.

Passive: Visitors are also prohibited by them from feeding the animals and birds.

  Original Passive: Many posters are hung all around the zoo with these warnings.

Active: They (or The zoo authority) hang many posters all around the zoo with these warnings.

  Original Active: My grandfather always advises me not to disturb the animals and birds by our activities.

3) Rewrite the following sentences in past perfect continuous tense making changes wherever necessary.

i) Birds have been flying in the sky for two hours.

ii) It rained heavily last night. iii) I have been watching TV since afternoon.

iv) My brother has been suffering from malaria since Monday.

v) The tourists have been travelling this place for two months.

vi) We were expecting him here yesterday.

vii) What were the students doing when the teacher entered the class ?

viii) What are your teachers’ planning for you ?

ix) What did your sister do in the morning ?

x) He had played in the cricket team for 10 years.

Ans:-

3. Rewrite the following sentences in past perfect continous tense making changes whenever necessary.

i) Birds had been flying in the sky for two hours.

ii) It had been raining heavily last night.

iii) I had been watching TV since afternoon.

iv) My brother had been suffering from malaria since Monday.

v) The tourists had been travelling this place for two months.

vi) We had been expecting him here yesterday.

vii) What had the students been doing when the teacher entered the class?

viii) What had your teachers been planning for you?

ix) What had your sister been doing in the morning?

x) He had been playing in the cricket team for 10 years.

4) Fill in the blanks with each or every.

i) _____ of the students has three books.

ii) There is a bus _____ four hours from here.

iii) There are eight worksheets here, please take one of _____.

iv) _____ student has written an e-mail.

v) They enjoyed _____ minute of their holidays.

vi) This shop is open _____ day except Sunday.

vii) We _____ had a chance to play the game.

viii) The boys read four hours _____ day.

ix) _____ one of you needs to write a description.

x) _____ time I go shopping I buy more than I intended.

Ans:-

i) Each of the students has three books. (Use “each” before “of”)

ii) There is a bus every four hours from here. (Use “every” before plural time numbers like “four hours”)

iii) There are eight worksheets here, please take one of them / each. (Usually “each” functions as a pronoun on its own: “please take one of each“)

iv) Every / Each student has written an e-mail. (Both are grammatically correct; “Every” emphasizes all students as a group, “Each” emphasizes them individually)

v) They enjoyed every minute of their holidays.

vi) This shop is open every day except Sunday.

vii) We each had a chance to play the game.

viii) The boys read four hours every day. (Alternatively, “a day” or “each day” works, but “every day” fits best here)

ix) Each one of you needs to write a description. (Use “each” with “one of”)

x) Every time I go shopping I buy more than I intended.

5) Rewrite the following sentences in future continuous tense.

i) The children enjoyed the magic show.

ii) We will visit our relatives tonight.

iii) Father went shopping in the local market.

iv) She is reading the Diary of a Wimpy Kid.

v) The science teacher is demonstrating an experiment in the laboratory.

vi) My mother watered the flowering plants.

vii) They had their music lessons.

viii) The students are eating bananas.

ix) We watched a movie in the audio-visual room.

x) She reads poems.

Ans:-

5. Rewrite the following sentences in future continous tense-

i) The children will be enjoying the magic show.

ii) We will be visiting our relatives tonight.

iii) Father will be going shopping in the local market.

iv) She will be reading the Diary of a Wimpy Kid.

v) The science teacher will be demonstrating an experiment in the laboratory.

vi) My mother will be watering the flowering plants.

vii) They will be having their music lessons.

viii) The students will be eating bananas.

ix) We will be watching a movie in the audio-visual room.

x) She will be reading poems.

6) Use the correct form of non-continuous verbs and rewrite the sentences.

i) Those flowers _____ (smell) very nice.

ii) I _____ (remember) now how we danced that night.

iii) That bowl of soup _____ (taste) amazing.

iv) Right now, I _____ (see) two monkeys doing tricks.

v) We _____ (believe) everything he is saying.

Ans:-

6. Use the correct form of non-continuous verbs and rewrite the sentences.

i) Those flowers smell very nice.

ii) I remember now how we danced that night.

iii) That bowl of soup tastes amazing.

iv) Right now, I see two monkeys doing tricks.

v) We believe everything he is saying.

7)  Fill in the blanks with appropriate correlatives.

 (neither… nor, not only… but also, so… that, either… or, such… that, no sooner… than, as… as, both… and)

i) My mother is _____ ill _____ she can hardly move.

ii) _____ you _____ Robijita is guilty.

iii) Ranjan is _____ tall _____ his father.

iv) It is _____ cold _____ rainy today.

v) He is _____ a good bowler _____ a good batsman.

vi) He is _____ a painter _____ a mason.

vii) The beggar is _____ deaf _____ dumb.

viii) Barun is _____ a fool _____ I cannot rely on him.

ix) _____ did the deer see the tiger _____ it ran away.

x) _____ had he seen the bear _____ he climbed up the tree.

Ans:-

i) My mother is so ill that she can hardly move.

ii) Either you or Robijita is guilty. (Alternatively: Neither you nor Robijita…)

iii) Ranjan is as tall as his father.

iv) It is both cold and rainy today.

v) He is not only a good bowler but also a good batsman.

vi) He is neither a painter nor a mason.

vii) The beggar is both deaf and dumb. (Alternatively: neither… nor)

viii) Barun is such a fool that I cannot rely on him.

ix) No sooner did the deer see the tiger than it ran away.

x) No sooner had he seen the bear than he climbed up the tree.

8) Do as directed.

i) The guests came at 7 p.m. (Ask a question using ‘When’)

ii) I want to see my friend. (Ask a question using ‘Whom’)

iii) He is a doctor. (Ask a question using ‘What’)

iv) Rima is the tallest girl in the class. (Ask a question using ‘Who’)

v) My friend gave me an interesting storybook. (Ask a question using ‘What’)

vi) They will stay in this hotel for two months. (Ask a question using ‘How long’)

vii) My cousin lives in Delhi. (Ask a question using ‘Where’)

Ans:-

8. Do As Direted .

Ans:-

i) When did the guests come?

ii) Whom do you want to see?

iii) What is he?

iv) Who is the tallest girl in the class?

v) What did your friend give you?

vi) How long will they stay in this hotel?

vii) Where does your cousin live?

9) You are Saurabh / Saurabhi, the cultural secretary of your school. Write a notice for the cultural programmes to be held on the occasion of Teachers’ Day celebration in your school. Give details of the programmes.

Ans:-

ABC HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL

NOTICE

Date: 28th August 2026

SUBJECT: CULTURAL PROGRAMME ON TEACHERS’ DAY CELEBRATION

This is to inform all students that our school will be organizing a grand cultural programme on the occasion of Teachers’ Day on 5th September 2026 in the school auditorium.

The details of the event are given below:

  • Date: 5th September 2026
  • Time: 9:30 AM to 1:00 PM
  • Venue: School Auditorium
  • Events: Chorus, Group Dance, Solo Song, Drama, and Speeches dedicated to our teachers.

Students interested in participating in any of the above events are requested to submit their names to the undersigned on or before 31st August 2026 for selection trials.

Saurabh / Saurabhi

Cultural Secretary

*****END******

Lesson 10 A Visit to Nainital

    Word meaning

English Word              Assamese Meaning (অসমীয়া অৰ্থ)

  1. Analyzed                    বিশ্লেষণ কৰা
  2. Carcasses                   মৃতদেহ (জন্তুৰ)
  3. Compell                      বাধ্য কৰা
  4. Conservationist          প্ৰকৃতি-সংৰক্ষণবিদ
  5. Creatures                   জীৱ-জন্তু / প্ৰাণী
  6. Dangerous                  বিপদজনক
  7. Distinctive                  বিশেষ ধৰণৰ
  8. Eagerness                  হেঁপাহ / ব্যাকুলতা / উৎসুকতা
  9. Endangered                বিলুপ্তপ্ৰায় / সংকটাপন্ন
  10. Established                 প্ৰতিষ্ঠিত / প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰা
  11. Familiar                      পৰিচিত
  12. Fascinated                  মোহিত / আকৰ্ষিত
  13. Fulfilled                      পূৰণ কৰা / মানি চলা
  14. Gunshots                    গুলীৰ শব্দ / গুলীবৰ্ষণ
  15. Hill station                 পৰ্বতীয়া স্থান
  16. Honour                       সন্মান
  17. Incapable                    অক্ষম / অসমৰ্থ
  18. Interaction                 ভাবৰ আদান-প্ৰদান / সম্পৰ্ক
  19. Leopards                    নহৰফুটুকী বাঘ
  20. Man-eater                  নৰভক্ষী (মানুহ খোৱা জন্তু)
  21. Maternal uncle           মোমাই (মাকৰ ভাই-ককাই)
  22. Movements                গতিবিধি / চলা-ফিৰা
  23. Natural attractions    প্ৰাকৃতিক আকৰ্ষণ
  24. Naturalist                   প্ৰকৃতিবিদ
  25. Porcupine                   কেটেলা পশু
  26. Postmaster                 ডাকঘৰৰ বিষয়া (পোষ্টমাষ্টাৰ)
  27. Preferred                   পছন্দ কৰিছিল
  28. Prey                            চিকাৰ
  29. Prowess                      দক্ষতা / সাহসিকতা
  30. Pug marks                  জন্তুৰ ভৰিৰ চাপ / খোঁজ
  31. Pursuing                     খেদি যোৱা
  32. Residence                   বাসস্থান / থকা ঘৰ
  33. Responsible                দায়বদ্ধ / দায়িত্বশীল
  34. Reward                       পুৰস্কাৰ
  35. Secure                         সুৰক্ষিত / লাভ কৰা
  36. Specific                       নিৰ্দিষ্ট
  37. Stalking                      মনে মনে চিকাৰৰ পিছ লোৱা
  38. Summer vacation       গ্ৰীষ্মকালীন বন্ধ / গৰমৰ বন্ধ
  39. Tracker                      অনুসৰণ কৰোতা
  40. Uncommon                 অস্বাভাৱিক / বিৰল
  41. Unhealed                    শুকোৱা নাই এনে ঘা
  42. Unwilling                    অনিচ্ছুক
  43. Victims                       বলি হোৱা লোক / ভুক্তভোগী
  44. Whereabouts             অৱস্থান / থকা ঠাই
  45. Wildlife                       বন্যপ্ৰাণী
  46. Withdrawn                 প্ৰত্যাহাৰ কৰা / তুলি লোৱা
  • Wounds                       আঘাত / ঘা

Comprehension

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

a) What is Nainital and where is it?

Ans:- Nainital is a popular hill station located in Uttarakhand.

b) Where does Mr. Aditya Sarma work?

Ans:- Mr. Aditya Sarma works at the Jim Corbett National Park.

c) Which is the oldest National Park in India?

Ans:- Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India.

d) When and where was Jim Corbett born?

Ans:- Jim Corbett was born on 25 July 1875 in the town of Nainital.

e) What was Corbett’s father?

Ans:- Corbett’s father was a postmaster in Nainital.

f) When and where did Corbett die?

Ans:- Jim Corbett died on 19 April 1955 at the age of 79 in Kenya.

2. What does Corbett say about tigers and leopards?

Ans:-

  1. Tigers are easier to track and shoot than leopards.
    1. When a tiger becomes a man-eater, it loses all fear of humans and can attack in the daytime, whereas leopards never lose their fear of humans and only attack at night.

3. What were Corbett’s conditions for hunting man-eaters?

Ans:-

  1. First, that all official rewards be withdrawn so he would not be seen as a bounty-hunter.
  2. Second, that other hunters be withdrawn so he would not be accidentally shot.

4. Find out eight proper nouns and eight common nouns from the lesson.

Ans:-

  • Proper Nouns:
    1. Jim Corbett
    2. Nainital
    3. Uttarakhand
    4. Hailey National Park
    5. Bengal
    6. Arpita
    7. Robin
    8. Kumaon
  • Common Nouns:
  • Hill station
  • Forest
  • Tiger
  • Uncle
  • Village
  • Dog
  • Book
  • Hunter

5. Fill in the blanks with correct form of the verbs –

Ans:-

PresentPastPast Participle
fascinate (মোহিত )fascinatedfascinated
Establish (স্থাপিত)establishedestablished
Die (মৰা)dieddied
lose (হেৰুৱা)lostlost
becomebecamebecome
move (গতি)movedmoved
secure (সুৰক্ষিত)securedsecured
break (ভঙা)brokebroken
become (হোৱা)becamebecome
Shoot(গুলী মৰা)shotshot
Notice(লক্ষ্য কৰা)noticednoticed
Cause(কাৰণ)causedcaused
Compel (বাধ্য কৰা)compelledcompelled
Consider(বিবেচনা কৰা)consideredconsidered
Prefer(অধিক পছন্দ কৰা)preferredpreferred
Hunt(চিকাৰ কৰা)huntedhunted
Withdraw ( উঠাই লোৱা)withdrewwithdrawn

Activity 1

1. Complete the following sentences using to-infinitive or bare infinitive.

i) I forgot to lock the door. (to-infinitive)

ii) She tried to solve the sum. (to-infinitive)

iii) People like to enjoy nature. (to-infinitive)

iv) We saw him cross the road. (bare infinitive)

v) I wish to meet the doctor. (to-infinitive)

vi) The mother made the child drink milk. (bare infinitive)

vii) To steal is a sin. (to-infinitive)

viii) To forgive is divine. (to-infinitive)

ix) To find fault of others is easy. (to-infinitive)

x) To respect elders is our duty. (to-infinitive)

xi) She is quick to understand. (to-infinitive)

xii) He found his stolen car. (or: He found his parked car / He found his broken car)

xiii) She heard him sing a song. (bare infinitive)

xiv) I need not go there. (bare infinitive)

xv) They saw him leave the room. (bare infinitive)

xvi) Let us play football. (bare infinitive)

2. Fill in the blanks using the non-finite forms of the verbs in the brackets.

i) Playing is my favourite hobby. (Gerund)

ii) I saw him reading a novel. (or: read) (Participle / Bare Infinitive)

iii) He saw a loaded truck. (Past Participle)

iv) A rolling stone gathers no moss. (Present Participle)

v) A barking dog seldom bites. (Present Participle)

vi) A little learning is a dangerous thing. (Gerund)

vii) He learnt to draw. (Infinitive)

viii) Nibedita passed the examination with flying colours. (Present Participle)

ix) To say is easier than to do. (or: Saying is easier than doing) (Infinitive / Gerund)

x) I found the written document. (Past Participle)

xi) I like my spoken English class. (Past Participle)

3. Combine the following pairs of sentences:

i) I saw him. He was carrying a basket.

Combined: I saw him carrying a basket.

ii) They stopped for a while. They resumed their work.

Combined: Having stopped for a while, they resumed their work. (or: After stopping for a while, they resumed their work.)

iii) He pulled the chair. He sat down.

Combined: Pulling the chair, he sat down.

iv) He read the book. He returned it to the library.

Combined: Having read the book, he returned it to the library. (or: After reading the book, he returned it to the library.)

v) He walked a long distance. He sat down for a rest.

Combined: Having walked a long distance, he sat down for a rest.

vi) This is a chair. Its legs are broken.

Combined: This is a chair with broken legs. (or: This is a chair whose legs are broken.)

vii) He is a businessman. He is established.

Combined: He is an established businessman.

viii) I saw a dog. It was barking.

Combined: I saw a barking dog. (or: I saw a dog barking.)

Activity 2

i) We ought to help the poor and the needy. (moral obligation)

ii) My grandmother used to (or would) read newspapers in the morning. (past habit)

iii) He dared (or could) swim in the hazardous river of his village when he was in school. (courage)

iv) We must (or should) read good books. (necessity)

v) May (or Can / Could) I sit near you? (permission)

vi) Could (or Would / Can) you lend me some money? (request)

vii) The king used to (or would) go for hunt to the remote jungles of his territory. (past habit)

viii) I will (or shall) help you in your need. (promise)

ix) My sister will (or would) munch on chips and chocolates while watching TV. (habit)

x) Everyone must (or shall) abide by the order of their captain. (command)

*********END*********

Lesson 11: Children of the Rainbow

Word Meaning

Grammy / Gram: আইতা / ককা-আইতাক মৰমতে মতা নাম (Grandmother)

Lap: কোঁচ (বহি থকা অৱস্থাত কঁকালৰ পৰা আঁঠুলৈকে অংশ)

Colorblind: বৰ্ণ অন্ধতা

Rainbow: ৰামধেনু

Native: থলুৱা / খিলঞ্জীয়া বা কোনো নিৰ্দষ্ট স্থানৰ অধিবাসী

Skin: ছাল / ছালৰ ৰং

Tease: জোকোৱা

Run away: পলাই যোৱা

Nicest: আটাইতকৈ ভাল

Frown: কপাল কোঁচোৱা / মনৰ বেজাৰ প্ৰকাশ কৰা অৱস্থা

Proud: গৌৰৱান্বিত / গৰ্বিত

Allowed: অনুমতি দিলে / স্বীকাৰ কৰিলে

Matter: গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ হোৱা / গুৰুত্ব থকা

Deep inside: ভিতৰৰ গভীৰতাত

Answers to the Questions

i) Who is the poet of the poem ‘Children of the Rainbow’?

Answer: C. J. Heck is the poet of the poem ‘Children of the Rainbow’.

ii) About whom is the poet talking to her grandmother?

Answer: The poet is talking to her grandmother about a girl she knows whose skin color is different (chocolate brown).

iii) Why do the other children tease the girl?

Answer: The other children tease the girl because her skin is a different color and she looks different from them.

iv) What does the grandmother say about the children?

Answer: The grandmother says that children are life’s rainbow (black, yellow, red, and white). She explains that the color of their skin does not matter; what really matters is what is down deep inside their hearts.

v) “I think ———- her frown.” What does the poet say in these lines?

Answer: In these lines the poet says that the girl looks very beautiful with her chocolate brown skin. She considers her to be the nicest girl she has ever met and feels sad when she sees her frowning due to the other children’s teasing.

vi) Write rhyming words from the poem.

Answer: Here are pairs of rhyming words from the poem:

  • know – though
  • away – play
  • brown – frown
  • loud – proud (or lap – cap)
  • white – inside (slant rhyme) / minds – colorblind

************END**********

Lesson 12 Leonardo da Vinci

Word Meanings in Assamese

  1. Anatomist – শৰীৰতত্ত্ববিদ
  2. Apprentice – শিক্ষানবিছ
  3. Artistic – কলাত্মক
  4. Astonished – আচৰিত
  5. Cadavers – মৰাশ / মৃতদেহ
  6. Cartographer – মানচিত্ৰ নিৰ্মাতা
  7. Creativity – সৃজনশীলতা
  8. Curiosity – কৌতূহল
  9. Displayed – প্ৰদৰ্শন কৰা
  10. Dissected – ব্যৱচ্ছেদ কৰা
  11. Diversity – বৈচিত্ৰ্য
  12. Documented – নথিপত্রভুক্ত কৰা
  13. Fantasy – কল্পনা
  14. Genius – প্ৰতিভাৱান
  15. Illustrations – চিত্ৰণ / ছবি
  16. Inventor – উদ্ভাৱক
  17. Landscape – প্ৰাকৃতিক দৃশ্য
  18. Masterpiece – এটি মহান গ্ৰন্থ বা চিত্ৰকৰ্ম
  19. Mechanism – কাৰ্যপ্ৰণালী
  20. Milan – ইটালীৰ এটা চহৰ
  21. Minutely – সূক্ষ্মভাৱে
  22. Mysterious – ৰহস্যময়
  23. Portrait – প্ৰতিচ্ছবি / ছবি
  24. Preserved – সংৰক্ষিত
  25. Prodigious – অসাধাৰণ / প্ৰচুৰ
  26. Recognized – চিনাক্ত কৰা / স্বীকাৰ কৰা
  27. Sculptor – ভাস্কৰ্য শিল্পী
  28. Shield – ঢাল
  29. Sophisticated – উন্নত / পৰিশীলিত
  30. Stipend – জলপানি / বৃত্তি
  31. Submarine – পানীত চলিব পৰা জাহাজ
  32. Terrifying – ভয়ংকৰ
  33. Woodwinds – ফুৱাই বজোৱা বাদ্যযন্ত্ৰৰ দল

Comprehension

1. Answer the following questions in complete sentences:

a) When was Leonardo Da Vinci born?

Leonardo da Vinci was born on 15 April, 1452, about 10 pm.

b) Where did Leonardo spend his early years?

Leonardo spent his early years with his grandparents in Vinci.

c) Under whom did Leonardo’s father send him to apprentice?

His father sent him to apprentice under the sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio.

d) Name the two masterpieces of Leonardo.

The two masterpieces are The Last Supper and Mona Lisa.

e) What did Leonardo created on the shield?

Leonardo created a terrifying image of a dragon-like monster on the shield.

f) Who was Mona Lisa?

Mona Lisa was a rich merchant’s wife whose portrait Leonardo painted.

g) Where is Mona Lisa preserved now?

Mona Lisa is preserved at the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.

2. How do you know that Leonardo loved animals?

Leonardo loved animals and nature, never ate meat, bought caged birds, and set them free.

3. What did Leonardo do as an anatomist?

As an anatomist, Leonardo dissected animals and human cadavers to study their mechanism and understand human anatomy better.

4. Match the following:

  • Anatomist à an expert in the scientific study of the structure of human or animal bodies
  • Cartographer à one who draws or makes maps
  • Sculptor à one who creates things with clay, wood, stone etc.
  • Engineer àone who designs buildings, bridges, monuments etc.

5. Look up the meaning of the following words in a dictionary and write them:

  • Astonished: Very surprised or amazed.
  • Fantasy: An imagined idea or a product of imagination.
  • Portrait: A painting, drawing, or photograph of a person.
  • Prodigious: Remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree.
  • Diversity: A range of different things or variety.

Activity 1: Phrases

Task: Find out the phrases in the following sentences and write them.

i) with very long tusks (Adjective Phrase)

ii) of sweet voice (Adjective Phrase)

iii) in a brave manner (Adverbial Phrase)

iv) at present (Adverbial / Prepositional Phrase)

v) To win a prize in the competition (Noun Phrase)

vi) Drawing an elephant (Noun Phrase)

vii) Instead of wearing the blue frock (Prepositional / Preposition Phrase)

viii) in lieu of Hindi (Prepositional Phrase)

Activity 2: Clauses

Task: Pick out the clauses from the following sentences and write them.

i)

  • Main Clause: Please give me the book
  • Subordinate Clause: which is on the table

ii)

  • Main Clause: They were talking
  • Subordinate Clause: when he came

iii)

  • Main Clause: He told me
  • Subordinate Clause: that he did not know about the incident

iv)

  • Main Clause: I was absent
  • Subordinate Clause: because I was ill

v)

  • Main Clause: I will not go out
  • Subordinate Clause: if it rains

vi)

  • First Clause (Main): He is tall
  • Second Clause (Coordinate): his brother is average (Connected by “but”)

vii)

  • Main Clause: I know the reason
  • Subordinate Clause: why he came here

viii)

  • First Clause (Main): You must hurry
  • Second Clause (Coordinate): you will miss the train (Connected by “or”)

ix)

  • Main Clause: He is not only intelligent but also brave (Simple sentence with compound predicate)

x)

  • Main Clause: I know the place
  • Subordinate Clause: where he lives

Activity 3: Correct the Sentences (Subject-Verb Agreement)

Task: Correct the given incorrect sentences according to grammatical rules.

  1. Incorrect: The cattle is grazing in the pasture.

Correct: The cattle are grazing in the pasture.

(Reason: “Cattle” is a plural collective noun)

  • Incorrect: The folk is coming back home from the concert.

Correct: The folk are coming back home from the concert.

(Reason: “Folk” takes a plural verb)

  • Incorrect: We bought some new furnitures.

Correct: We bought some new furniture.

(Reason: “Furniture” is an uncountable noun and has no plural form)

  • Incorrect: My friends gave me all the relevant informations about the quiz competition.

Correct: My friends gave me all the relevant information about the quiz competition.

(Reason: “Information” is an uncountable noun)

  • Incorrect: Rice are an important crop in our country.

Correct: Rice is an important crop in our country.

(Reason: “Rice” is an uncountable singular noun)

  • Incorrect: All my luggage are in that room.

Correct: All my luggage is in that room.

(Reason: “Luggage” is an uncountable noun and takes a singular verb)

  • Incorrect: My spectacles is on the table.

Correct: My spectacles are on the table.

(Reason: “Spectacles” is plural and takes a plural verb)

  • Incorrect: His shoes is costly.

Correct: His shoes are costly.

(Reason: “Shoes” is plural and takes a plural verb)

  • Incorrect: This pair of shoes need mending.

Correct: This pair of shoes needs mending.

(Reason: Subject is “This pair”, which is singular)

  1. Incorrect: Her socks is white.

Correct: Her socks are white.

(Reason: “Socks” is plural)

  1. Incorrect: This pair of socks are lovely.

Correct: This pair of socks is lovely.

(Reason: Subject is “This pair”, which is singular)

  1. Incorrect: His trousers needs ironing.

Correct: His trousers need ironing.

(Reason: “Trousers” is plural and takes a plural verb)

  1. Incorrect: This pair of trousers were bought from that shop.

Correct: This pair of trousers was bought from that shop.

(Reason: Subject is “This pair”, which is singular)

  1. Incorrect: The news were not true.

Correct: The news was not true.

(Reason: “News” looks plural but takes a singular verb)

  1. Incorrect: An epidemic of measles have broken out in the village.

Correct: An epidemic of measles has broken out in the village.

(Reason: Subject is “An epidemic”, which is singular)

  1. Incorrect: A species are a class of plants or animals.

Correct: A species is a class of plants or animals.

(Reason: “A species” refers to a single category)

  1. Incorrect: Some useful equipments for the kitchen was bought.

Correct: Some useful equipment for the kitchen was bought.

(Reason: “Equipment” is an uncountable noun)

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